amerika yerlileri ne demek?

Amerika yerlileri, Avrupalılar'ın gelişinden önce Amerika kıtasında yaşayan Eskimo-Aleut halkları ile **Kızılderililer**i kapsayan ortak ad. Bazıları¹ bu adı İngilizce Amerindian terimin karşılığı olarak yalnızca Kızılderililer için kullanır ve Eskimo-Aleut halklarını dahil etmez. Alaska ve Kanada gibi hem Eskimo hem de Kızılderili nüfus barındıran yörelerde Amerika yerlisi adı her ikisi için kullanılırken, Kıta ABD'sinden Arjantin'e kadar Eskimo barındırmayan diğer yörelerde yalnızca Kızılderili anlamındadır.

ABD Nüfus Sayım Dairesi (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Nüfus Sayım Bürosu) ülkedeki yerlileri American Indian and Alaska Native adı altında topluca ele alır ve American Indian («Amerikalı Hint») terimiyle Kıta ABDsi'ndeki yerliler (ki hepsi de Kızılderilidir) kastedilirken, Alaska Native («Alaska Yerlisi») terimi Alaska'daki yerlilerin tamamı (Aleutlar, Alaska Eskimoları, Alaska Kızılderilileri) için kullanılır².

Kanada'da aboriginal peoples («yerli halklar») olarak adlandırılır ve hem Kanada Eskimolarını (Inuit), hem Kanada Kızılderililerini (First Nations), hem de melez Métisleri nitelendirir³. Kanada'da Indian («Kızılderili») adı "aşağılayıcı" (pejorative)⁴⁵ bulunduğu için resmî olarak fazla kullanılmaz. Kanada'da Indian adı resmî olarak yalnızca Hintler için kullanılır.

Amerika yerlilerinin sınıflandırılması kültür bölgelerine, coğrafyası ve dillerine göre ayrı ayrı sınıflandırılır. Antropologlar genellikle akışkan sınırlı kültür bölgeleri olarak sınıflandırma eğilimindedirler. Bu kültür bölgeleri şu anki sınırlara göre değil, yerlilerin Amerika'nın keşif sürecinde Avrupalılarca karşılaştığı 15. yüzyıl başlarındaki konumları baz alınarak düzenlenir.

Amerika yerli dilleri, üç ana filum olarak, Eskimo ile Aleutların konuştuğu Eskimo-Aleut dilleri, Kızılderili Na-Dene halklarının konuştuğu Na-Dene dilleri ile bunların haricindeki bütün Kızılderili halklarının konuştuğu Amerind dilleri biçiminde sınıflandırılır. Na-Dene dillerinin Asya'daki Yenisey dilleri ile Dene-Yenisey dilleri adı altında birlikte sınıflandırılması fikri 2008 yılında Edward Vajda tarafından ortaya konmuştur ve Eskimolar dışında Asya kökenli olduğu dil bilimi kriterlerine göre ortaya konan ilk ve tek Kızılderili grubu budur. Geriye kalan diğer Kızılderililerin dilleri 1960 yılında Joseph Greenberg tarafından Amerind dilleri adı altında birleştirilmesi fikri ortaya atılmıştır, fakat bu teoriyi tarihi dil bilimcilerin çoğu reddeder.

Na-Dene dillerini konuşan halklar, İnuitler ve Alaska yerlileri haplogrup Q (Y-DNA) mutasyonları sergiler; bununla birlikte, diğer Kızılderililerde (Amerind dillerini konuşanlar) bulunan mtDNA mutasyonlarından farklıdır. Amerika yerlileri DNA'sına göre 12 genetik gruba ayrılır ve Eskimolar ile Na-Dene Kızılderilileri haricindeki Kızılderililerde 10 ayrı genetik gruplaşma görülür.

Diller

Amerika yerli dilleri, üç ana filum olarak sınıflandırılır: Eskimo ile Aleutların konuştuğu Eskimo-Aleut dilleri, Kızılderili Na-Dene halklarının konuştuğu Na-Dene dilleri ile bunların haricindeki bütün Kızılderili halklarının konuştuğu Amerind dilleri. Bu ana dil filumları yanında hiçbir dil ailesine girmeyen izole diller de bulunmaktadır. UNESCO'ya göre birçoğu ya tükenmiş ya da konuşulabilirliği tehlikededir⁶

Genetik sınıflandırma

[[Dosya:Genetic group American Native.png|küçükresim|200px|

<center>

DNA'sına göre genetik gruplar

</center> <table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

]]

Amerika yerlileriyle ilişkili en yaygın haplogrup olarak Haplogrup Q1a3a (Y-DNA) verilmektedir⁷. Tıpkı mtDNA gibi Y-DNA da diğer çekirdek kromozomlardan farklıdır ve Y kromozomu çoğunluğunda benzersiz olup mayoz bölünme sırasında rekombinasyona uğramaz. Bu etkiye sahip mutasyonların tarihsel dokusu kolayca incelenebilir⁸. Bu dokular biribirinden oldukça farklı iki genetik bölüm oluşturur: birincisi, Amerika'nın başlangıç yerlileri; ikincisi, Amerika'nın Avrupalılar tarafından sömürgeleştirilmesinden sonraki sürecin yerlileri⁹¹⁰. Eski olan, kurucu haplotip ve gen çizgisi sayısı için belirleyici faktördür ve günümüzdeki amerika yerlilerinde bulunmaktadır.¹¹

Kurucu nüfus için Beringia'da ilk 20.000 yıl konaklamayla birlikte Bering Denizi kıyılarında insan yerleşimi aşamalı oluşmuştur.¹²¹³. Mikrosatelit çeşitliliği ve Y çizgisinin dağılımı ilk sömürgeleştirme döneminden beri izole edilmiş Güney Amerika bölgelerinde yaşayan Kızılderili gruplarına özgüdür</small>.¹⁴. Na-Dene, İnuit ve Alaska Yerlileri haplogrup Q (Y-DNA) mutasyonları sergiler; bununla birlikte, diğer Kızılderililerde (Amerind dillerini konuşanlar) bulunan mtDNA mutasyonlarından farklıdır¹⁵¹⁶¹⁷. Bu da gösteriyor ki, Grönland ve Kuzey Amerika'nın kuzey uç içlerine en erken göç daha sonraki nüfustan kaynaklanır.¹⁸

Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups baz alınarak yapılan çalışmalara göre:

Halk	Dil	Yer	n	C-M217	Q-M242	R1	Diğerleri	Kaynak
Algonkinler19	Algonkin-Yurok	kuzeydoğu Kuzey Amerika	155	7.7	33.5	38.1	20.6	Bolnick 200620
Apaçiler	Na-Dené	güneybatı ABD	96	14.6	78.1	5.2	2.1	Zegura 200421
Atabasklar22	Na-Dené	batı Kuzey Amerika	243	11.5	70.4	18.1	--	Malhi 200823
Çerokiler	Makro-Siyu	güneydoğu ABD	62	1.6	50.0	37.1	11.3	Bolnick 200624
Şayenler	Algonkin-Yurok	ABD	44	16	61	16	7	Zegura 200425
Çipçalar26	Makro-Çipça	Panama	26	0	100	0	0	Zegura 200427
Denesulineler	Na-Dené	Kanada	48	6	31	62.5	0	Bortoloni 200328
Ojibvalar	Algonkin-Yurok	doğu Kuzey Amerika	97	4.1	15.5	50.5	29.9	Bolnick 200629
Tlınçonlar	Na-Dené	Kanada	15	33	27	40	0	Malhi 200830
Gêler31	Makro-Jê	Brezilya	51	0	90	8	2	Bortoloni 200332
Guaraniler	Tupi	Paraguay	59	0	86	9	5	Bortoloni 200333
İngalar	Keçuva	Kolombiya	11	0	78	11	11	Bortoloni 200334
İnuitler	Eskimo-Aleut	Arktik Kuzey Amerika	60	0	80.0	11.7	8.3	Zegura 200435
Maya	Maya	Mezoamerika	71	0	87.3	12.7	0	Zegura 200436
Mişeler	Mixe–Zoque	Meksika	12	0	100	0	0	Zegura 200437
Miştekler	Oto-Mange	Meksika	28	0	93	7	0	Zegura 200438
Maskokeler39	Maskoke	güneydoğu ABD	36	2.8	75.0	11.1	11.1	Bolnick 200640
Nahua	Uto-Aztek	Meksika	17	0	94	0	6	Malhi 200841
ABD Kızılderilileri	--	ABD	398	9.0	58.1	22.2	10.7	Hammer 200542
Navaholar	Na-Dené	güneybatı ABD	78	1.3	92.3	2.6	3.8	Zegura 200443
Kuzey Amerika	--	Kuzey Amerika	530	6.0	77.2	12.5	4.3	Zegura 200444
Siyular	Makro-Siyu	orta Kuzey Amerika	44	11	25	50	14	Zegura 200445
Güney Amerika	Amerind	Güney Amerika	390	0	92	4	4	Bortoloni 200346
Tanana	Na-Dené	kuzeybatı Kuzey Amerika	12	42	42	8	8	Zegura 200447
Tikunalar	Tikuna–Yuri	batı Amazonya	33	0	100	0	0	Bortoloni 200348
Tupi–Guarani49	Tupi	Brezilya	54	0	100	0	0	Bortoloni 200350
Uto-Aztekler51	Uto-Aztek	Meksika, Arizona	167	0	93.4	6.0	--	Malhi 200852
Warao	Warao (izole)	Karayip Güney Amerikası	12	0	100	0	0	Bortoloni 200353
Wayúu	Aravak	Guajira Yarımadası	19	0	69	21	10	Bortoloni 200354
Wayúu	Aravak	Guajira Yarımadası	25	8	36	44	12	Zegura 200455
Yagualar	Peba–Yagua	Peru	7	0	100	0	0	Bortoloni 200356
Yukpalar	Karib	Kolombiya	12	0	100	0	0	Bortoloni 200357
Zapotekler	Oto-Mange	Meksika	16	0	75	6	19	Zegura 200458
Zenú	tükendi	Kolombiya	30	0	81	0	19	Bortoloni 200359

<references group="nb" />

Kültür bölgeleri

Kuzey Amerika

Kuzey Amerika'da Kanada, Grönland, ABD ve Meksika'nın kuzeyindeki yerli halklar etnoğraflar tarafından 10 kültür bölgesine ayrılır⁶⁰. Bazı kültür gruplarının kapsamı araştırıcıya göre değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir.

1. Eskimo (Arktik) kültür bölgesi Arctic (→ Eskimo–Aleut dilleri)
2. Subarktik Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Subarctic (→ Na-Dene dilleri, Algonkin–Yurok dilleri)
3. Kuzeydoğu Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Northeast (→ Algonkin–Yurok dilleri, İrokua dilleri)
4. Pasifik Kuzeybatısı Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Northwest Coast (→ Haydaca, Çimşiyan dilleri, Vakaş dilleri)
5. Plato Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Plateau (→ Saliş dilleri)
6. Büyük Havza Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Great Basin
7. Ova Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Plains (→ Siyu dilleri)
8. Kaliforniya Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi California
9. Güneydoğu Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Southeast
10. Güneybatı Kızılderilileri kültür bölgesi Southwest

Arktik

• Paleo-Eskimo, tarihöncesi kültürler, Rusya, Alaska, Kanada, Grönland, 2500 MÖ–1500 MS
  • Arctic small tool tradition, tarihöncesi kültürü, 2500 MÖ, Bering Boğazı
  • Pre-Dorset, doğu Arktik, 2500–500 MÖ
  • Saqqaq kültürü, Grönland, 2500–800 MÖ)
  • Independence I kültürü, kuzeydoğu Kanada ve Grönland, 2400–1800 MÖ
  • Independence II kültürü, kuzeydoğu Kanada ve Grönland, 800–1 MÖ)
  • Groswater, Labrador and Nunavik, Kanada
  • Dorset kültürü, 500 MÖ–1500 MS, Alaska, Kanada (muhtemelen arkaik kalıntısı 1903 yılında tükenen Sallirmiut halkı)
• Aleutlar, Aleut Adaları, Alaska ile Kamçatka Krayı, Rusya
• İnuit halkları, Rusya, Alaska, Kanada, Grönland
  • Thule kültürü, Proto-İnuit, Alaska, Kanada, Grönland, 900–1500 MS
    • Birnirk kültürü, tarihöncesi İnuit kültürü, Alaska, 500 MS–900 MS
  • Grönland İnuitleri, Grönland
    • Kalaallit, batı Grönland
    • Avanersuarmiut, kuzey Grönland
    • Tunumiit, doğu Grönland
  • Batı Kanada İnuitleri, batı Arktik Kanada
  • İnyupikler, kuzey ve kuzeybatı Alaska
• Yupik halkları, Alaska ve Rusya
  • Supikler, Alaska Yarımadası, güney orta Alaska'nın kıyıları ve adalar bölgesi
  • Alaska Yupikleri, batı orta Alaska
    • Chevak Çupikleri, Hooper Bay ve Chevak, Alaska
    • Nunivak Çupikleri, Nunivak Adası, Alaska
  • Sibirya Yupikleri, Rus Uzak Doğusu ve St. Lawrence Adası, Alaska
    • Chaplino Yupikleri, Sibirya
  • Naukan Yupikleri, Sibirya
  • Sirenik Yupikleri, Sibirya

Subarktik

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Ahtnalar" title="wikilink">Ahtnalar</a> (Ahtena, Nabesna)</li> <li><a href="Anişinabeler" title="wikilink">Anişinabeler</a> <ul> <li><a href="Anişininiler" title="wikilink">Anişininiler</a> (Anishinini, Severn Ojibwa) Ontario, Manitoba</li> <li><a href="Ojibwa" title="wikilink">Ojibwa</a> (Chippewa, Ojibwe) Ontario, Manitoba, Minnesota</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Atikamekler" title="wikilink">Atikamekler</a></li> <li><a href="Sahtular" title="wikilink">Bearlake</a></li> <li><a href="Denesulineler" title="wikilink">Denesulineler</a></li> <li><a href="Kriler" title="wikilink">Kriler</a></li> <li><a href="Dakeller" title="wikilink">Dakeller</a> <ul> <li><a href="Babine" title="wikilink">Babine</a></li> <li><a href="Wet&#39;suwet&#39;en" title="wikilink">Wet'suwet'en</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Değinaklar" title="wikilink">Değinaklar</a> (Deg Hit’an, Deg Xinag, Degexit’an, Kaiyuhkhotana)</li> <li><a href="Denağinalar" title="wikilink">Denağinalar</a></li> <li><a href="Danezalar" title="wikilink">Danezalar</a> (Beaver)</li> <li><a href="Guçinler" title="wikilink">Guçinler</a> (Gwich'in, Kutchin, Loucheaux)</li> <li><a href="Hanlar_(Alaska)" title="wikilink">Hanlar</a> (Hän)</li> <li><a href="Hare_people" title="wikilink">Hare</a></li> <li><a href="Holikaçuklar" title="wikilink">Holikaçuklar</a></li> <li><a href="İnnular" title="wikilink">İnnular</a></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Kaskalar" title="wikilink">Kaskalar</a> (Nahane)</li> <li><a href="Yukarı_Kuskokvimler" title="wikilink">Yukarı Kuskokvimler</a> (Kolchan)</li> <li><a href="Koyukonlar" title="wikilink">Koyukonlar</a></li> <li><a href="Sahtular" title="wikilink">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="Naskapiler" title="wikilink">Naskapiler</a></li> <li><a href="Sekaniler" title="wikilink">Sekaniler</a></li> <li><a href="Denetalar" title="wikilink">Denetalar</a></li> <li><a href="Tagişler" title="wikilink">Tagişler</a></li> <li><a href="Tahltanlar" title="wikilink">Tahltanlar</a></li> <li><a href="Aşağı_Tananalar" title="wikilink">Aşağı Tananalar</a></li> <li><a href="Orta_Tananalar" title="wikilink">Orta Tananalar</a></li> <li><a href="Yukarı_Tananalar" title="wikilink">Yukarı Tananalar</a></li> <li><a href="Tanakaroslar" title="wikilink">Tanakaroslar</a></li> <li><a href="Danezalar" title="wikilink">Danezalar</a> (Tsattine, Beaver)</li> <li><a href="Tlınçonlar" title="wikilink">Tlınçonlar</a></li> <li><a href="Tlingitler" title="wikilink">Tlingitler</a></li> <li><a href="Tsetsautlar" title="wikilink">Tsetsautlar</a> (soyları tükendi)</li> <li><a href="Çilkotinler" title="wikilink">Çilkotinler</a> (Tsilhqot'in)</li> <li><a href="Kuzey_Tuçonları" title="wikilink">Kuzey Tuçonları</a></li> <li><a href="Güney_Tuçonları" title="wikilink">Güney Tuçonları</a></li> <li><a href="Sarıbıçaklar" title="wikilink">Sarıbıçaklar</a></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Kaliforniya

Kaliforniya Kızılderili kültür grubu Kaliforniya eyaletinin sınırlarıyla uyumlu değildir ve buradaki bütün Kızılderilileri kapsamaz. Nevada ile birlikte doğu sınırındaki kabileler Büyük Havza Kızılderilileri kültür grubuna, Oregon sınırına yaın bazı kabileler ise Plato Kızılderilileri kültür grubuna dahildir⁶¹

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Achomawi" title="wikilink">Achomawi</a>, <a href="Achumawi" title="wikilink">Achumawi</a>, <a href="Pit_River_tribe" title="wikilink">Pit River tribe</a>, kuzeydoğu Kaliforniya<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a></li> <li><a href="Atsugewi" title="wikilink">Atsugewi</a>, kuzeydoğu Kaliforniya<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref">²</a></li> <li><a href="Cahuilla_people" title="wikilink">Cahuilla</a>, güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref">³</a></li> <li><a href="Çumaşlar" title="wikilink">Çumaşlar</a>, kıyı güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref">⁴</a> <ul> <li><a href="Barbarenyo" title="wikilink">Barbarenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Kruzenyo" title="wikilink">Kruzenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Ynezenyo" title="wikilink">Ynezenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Obispenyo" title="wikilink">Obispenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Purismenyo" title="wikilink">Purismenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Venturenyo" title="wikilink">Venturenyo</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Chilula" title="wikilink">Chilula</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref">⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Chimariko" title="wikilink">Chimariko</a>, tükendi, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref">⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Cupeño_people" title="wikilink">Cupeño</a>, güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref">⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Eel_River_Athapaskan_peoples" title="wikilink">Eel River Athapaskan peoples</a> <ul> <li><a href="Lassik" title="wikilink">Lassik</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref">⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Mattole" title="wikilink">Mattole</a> (<a href="Bear_River_people" title="wikilink">Bear River</a>), kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref">⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Nongatl" title="wikilink">Nongatl</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Sinkyone" title="wikilink">Sinkyone</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref">¹¹</a></li> <li><a href="Eel_River_Athapaskans" title="wikilink">Wailaki</a>, <a href="Wai-lakki" title="wikilink">Wai-lakki</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref">¹²</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Esselen" title="wikilink">Esselen</a>, batı-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref">¹³</a></li> <li><a href="Hupa" title="wikilink">Hupa</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴</a> <ul> <li><a href="Tsnungwe" title="wikilink">Tsnungwe</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Juaneño" title="wikilink">Juaneño</a>, <a href="Acjachemem" title="wikilink">Acjachemem</a>, güneybatı Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Karok" title="wikilink">Karok</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn15" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Kato_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Kato</a>, <a href="Cahto" title="wikilink">Cahto</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn16" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Kitanemuk" title="wikilink">Kitanemuk</a>, güney-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Konkow" title="wikilink">Konkow</a>, kuzey-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref">¹⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Kumeyaay" title="wikilink">Kumeyaay</a>, <a href="Diegueño" title="wikilink">Diegueño</a>, <a href="Kumiai" title="wikilink">Kumiai</a> <ul> <li><a href="Ipai" title="wikilink">Ipai</a>, güneybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn19" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref">¹⁹</a> <ul> <li><a href="Jamul_tribe" title="wikilink">Jamul</a>, güneybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20" role="doc-noteref">²⁰</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tipai" title="wikilink">Tipai</a>, güneybatı Kaliforniya ve kuzeybatı Meksika<a href="#fn21" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref21" role="doc-noteref">²¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="La_Jolla_Complex" title="wikilink">La Jolla Complex</a>, güney Kaliforniya, ca. 6050—1000 MÖ</li> <li><a href="Luiseño_people" title="wikilink">Luiseño</a>, güneybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn22" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref22" role="doc-noteref">²²</a></li> <li><a href="Maidu" title="wikilink">Maidu</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn23" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref23" role="doc-noteref">²³</a> <ul> <li><a href="Konkow_people" title="wikilink">Konkow</a>, kuzey Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Mechoopda" title="wikilink">Mechoopda</a>, kuzey Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Nisenan" title="wikilink">Nisenan</a>, <a href="Southern_Maidu" title="wikilink">Southern Maidu</a>, kuzey Kaliforniya</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Miwok" title="wikilink">Miwok</a>, <a href="Me-wuk" title="wikilink">Me-wuk</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn24" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref24" role="doc-noteref">²⁴</a> <ul> <li><a href="Coast_Miwok" title="wikilink">Coast Miwok</a>, batı-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn25" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref25" role="doc-noteref">²⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Lake_Miwok" title="wikilink">Lake Miwok</a>, batı-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn26" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref26" role="doc-noteref">²⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Valley_and_Sierra_Miwok" title="wikilink">Valley and Sierra Miwok</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Monache" title="wikilink">Monache</a>, <a href="Western_Mono" title="wikilink">Western Mono</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn27" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref27" role="doc-noteref">²⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Nisenan" title="wikilink">Nisenan</a>, doğu-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn28" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref28" role="doc-noteref">²⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Nomlaki" title="wikilink">Nomlaki</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn29" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref29" role="doc-noteref">²⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Ohlone_people" title="wikilink">Ohlone</a>, <a href="Costanoan" title="wikilink">Costanoan</a>, bat-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn30" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref30" role="doc-noteref">³⁰</a> <ul> <li><a href="Awaswas" title="wikilink">Awaswas</a></li> <li><a href="Chalon" title="wikilink">Chalon</a></li> <li><a href="Chochenyo" title="wikilink">Chochenyo</a></li> <li><a href="Karkin_language" title="wikilink">Karkin</a></li> <li><a href="Mutsun_language" title="wikilink">Mutsun</a></li> <li><a href="Ramaytush" title="wikilink">Ramaytush</a></li> <li><a href="Rumsen" title="wikilink">Rumsen</a></li> <li><a href="Tamyen" title="wikilink">Tamyen</a></li> <li><a href="Yelamu" title="wikilink">Yelamu</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Patwin" title="wikilink">Patwin</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn31" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref31" role="doc-noteref">³¹</a> <ul> <li><a href="Suisun_people" title="wikilink">Suisun</a>, <a href="Southern_Patwin" title="wikilink">Southern Patwin</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Pauma_Complex" title="wikilink">Pauma Complex</a>, güney Kaliforniya, ca. 6050—1000 MÖ</li> <li><a href="Pomo_people" title="wikilink">Pomo</a>, kuzeybatı ve merkezî-batı Kalifotniya<a href="#fn32" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref32" role="doc-noteref">³²</a></li> <li><a href="Salinan" title="wikilink">Salinan</a>, kıyı merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn33" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref33" role="doc-noteref">³³</a> <ul> <li><a href="Antoniaño" title="wikilink">Antoniaño</a><a href="#fn34" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref34" role="doc-noteref">³⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Migueleño" title="wikilink">Migueleño</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Serrano_(people)" title="wikilink">Serrano</a>, güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn35" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref35" role="doc-noteref">³⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Shasta_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Shasta</a> kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn36" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref36" role="doc-noteref">³⁶</a> <ul> <li><a href="Konomihu" title="wikilink">Konomihu</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Okwanuchu_people" title="wikilink">Okwanuchu</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tataviam" title="wikilink">Tataviam</a>, <a href="Allilik" title="wikilink">Allilik</a> (Fernandeño), güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn37" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref37" role="doc-noteref">³⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Tolowa" title="wikilink">Tolowa</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn38" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref38" role="doc-noteref">³⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Tongva_people" title="wikilink">Tongva</a>, <a href="Gabrieleño" title="wikilink">Gabrieleño</a>, <a href="Fernandeño" title="wikilink">Fernandeño</a>, <a href="San_Clemente_tribe" title="wikilink">San Clemente tribe</a>, kıyı güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn39" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref39" role="doc-noteref">³⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Tübatulabal_people" title="wikilink">Tubatulabal</a>, güney-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn40" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref40" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Wappo" title="wikilink">Wappo</a>, kuzey-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn41" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref41" role="doc-noteref">⁴¹</a></li> <li><a href="Whilkut" title="wikilink">Whilkut</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn42" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref42" role="doc-noteref">⁴²</a></li> <li><a href="Wintu" title="wikilink">Wintu</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn43" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref43" role="doc-noteref">⁴³</a></li> <li><a href="Wiyot_people" title="wikilink">Wiyot</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn44" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref44" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Yana_people" title="wikilink">Yana</a>, kuzey-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn45" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref45" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁵</a> <ul> <li><a href="Yahi" title="wikilink">Yahi</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Yokuts" title="wikilink">Yokuts</a>, merkezî ve güney Kaliforniya<a href="#fn46" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref46" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁶</a> <ul> <li><a href="Chukchansi" title="wikilink">Chukchansi</a>, <a href="Foothill_Yokuts" title="wikilink">Foothill Yokuts</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn47" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref47" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Northern_Valley_Yokuts" title="wikilink">Northern Valley Yokuts</a>, merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn48" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref48" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Tachi_tribe" title="wikilink">Tachi tribe</a>, <a href="Southern_Valley_Yokuts" title="wikilink">Southern Valley Yokuts</a>, güney-merkezî Kaliforniya<a href="#fn49" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref49" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Yukiler" title="wikilink">Yukiler</a>, <a href="Ukomno&#39;m" title="wikilink">Ukomno'm</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn50" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref50" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁰</a> <ul> <li><a href="Huchnom" title="wikilink">Huchnom</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn51" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref51" role="doc-noteref">⁵¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Yuroklar" title="wikilink">Yuroklar</a>, kuzeybatı Kaliforniya<a href="#fn52" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref52" role="doc-noteref">⁵²</a></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote">Heizer ix<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn2" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn3" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn4" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn5" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn6" role="doc-endnote">Heizer 205-7<a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn7" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn8" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn9" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn10" role="doc-endnote">Heizer 190<a href="#fnref10" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn11" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn12" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn13" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn14" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn15" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn16" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn17" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn18" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn19" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn20" role="doc-endnote">Heizer 593<a href="#fnref20" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn21" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn22" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn23" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn24" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn25" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn26" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn27" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn28" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn29" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn30" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn31" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn32" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn33" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn34" role="doc-endnote">Heizer 769<a href="#fnref34" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn35" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn36" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn37" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn38" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn39" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn40" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn41" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn42" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn43" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn44" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn45" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn46" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn47" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn48" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn49" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn50" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn51" role="doc-endnote">Heizer 249<a href="#fnref51" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn52" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Kuzeydoğu

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Abenakiler" title="wikilink">Abenakiler</a> (<a href="Tarrantine" title="wikilink">Tarrantine</a>), Maine, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, Quebec, Vermont <ul> <li><a href="Doğu_Abenakileri" title="wikilink">Doğu Abenakileri</a>, Quebec, Maine, and New Hampshire<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a> <ul> <li><a href="Kennebec_halkı" title="wikilink">Kennebec</a> (<a href="Caniba" title="wikilink">Caniba</a>)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Batı_Abenakileri" title="wikilink">Batı Abenakileri</a>: Quebec, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref">²</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Anişinabeler" title="wikilink">Anişinabeler</a> (Anishinape, Anicinape, Neshnabé, Nishnaabe) (hatta → <a href="Subarktik_Kızılderilileri" title="wikilink">Subarktik</a>, <a href="Ova_Kızılderilileri" title="wikilink">Ova</a>) <ul> <li><a href="Algonkinler" title="wikilink">Algonkinler</a>, Quebec, Ontario</li> <li><a href="Nipissing_First_Nation" title="wikilink">Nipissing</a>, Ontario<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref">³</a></li> <li><a href="Ojibwa" title="wikilink">Ojibwa</a> (Chippewa, Ojibwe), Ontario, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref">⁴</a> <ul> <li><a href="Mississaugas" title="wikilink">Mississaugas</a>, Ontario</li> <li><a href="Saulteaux" title="wikilink">Saulteaux</a> (Nakawē), Ontario</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Odavalar" title="wikilink">Odavalar</a> (Odawa, Ottawa), Ontario,<a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref">⁵</a> Michigan, sonra Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Potawatomi" title="wikilink">Potawatomi</a>, Michigan,<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref">⁶</a> Ontario, Indiana, Wisconsin, later Oklahoma</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Assateague_people" title="wikilink">Assateague</a>, Maryland<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref">⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Attawandaron" title="wikilink">Attawandaron</a> (<a href="Neutral_Indian" title="wikilink">Neutral</a>), Ontario<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref">⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Beothuk" title="wikilink">Beothuk</a>, önceden <a href="Newfoundland_(ada)" title="wikilink">Newfoundland</a><a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref">⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Choptank_people" title="wikilink">Choptank people</a>, Maryland<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Conoy_tribe" title="wikilink">Conoy</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref">¹¹</a></li> <li><a href="Erie_(halk)" title="wikilink">Erie</a>, Pennsylvania, New York<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref">¹²</a></li> <li><a href="Etchemin" title="wikilink">Etchemin</a>, Maine</li> <li><a href="Meskwaki" title="wikilink">Meskwaki</a> (Fox), Michigan,<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref">¹³</a> later Iowa, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Hoçanklar" title="wikilink">Hoçanklar</a> (Ho-Chunk, Winnebago), Wisconsin yakınları <a href="Green_Bay_(Lake_Michigan)" title="wikilink">Green Bay</a>, Illinois,<a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴</a> later Iowa ve Nebraska</li> <li><a href="Honniasont" title="wikilink">Honniasont</a>, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia</li> <li><a href="Hopewell_tradition" title="wikilink">Hopewell tradition</a>, formerly Ohio ve <a href="Black_River_(Ohio)" title="wikilink">Black River</a> region, 200 MÖ—500 MS</li> <li><a href="Illinois_Confederacy" title="wikilink">Illinois Confederacy</a> (<a href="Illiniwek" title="wikilink">Illiniwek</a>), Illinois, Iowa, Missouri<a href="#fn15" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵</a> <ul> <li><a href="Cahokia_tribe" title="wikilink">Cahokia</a>, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, later Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Kaskaskia" title="wikilink">Kaskaskia</a>, önceden Wisconsin</li> <li><a href="Miami_tribe" title="wikilink">Miami</a>, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,<a href="#fn16" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶</a> later Oklahoma</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Mitchigamea" title="wikilink">Mitchigamea</a>, önceden Illinois <ul> <li><a href="Moingona" title="wikilink">Moingona</a>, önceden Illinois</li> <li><a href="Peoria_tribe" title="wikilink">Peoria</a>, Illinois, sonra Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Tamaroa_tribe" title="wikilink">Tamaroa</a>, önceden Illinois</li> <li><a href="Wea" title="wikilink">Wea</a>, formerly Indiana</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="İrokualar" title="wikilink">İrokualar</a> (<a href="Haudenosaunee" title="wikilink">Haudenosaunee</a>), Ontario, Quebec, New York<a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷</a> <ul> <li><a href="Kayugalar" title="wikilink">Kayugalar</a>, New York,<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref">¹⁸</a> sonra Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Mohavklar" title="wikilink">Mohavklar</a> New York<a href="#fn19" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref">¹⁹</a> ve <a href="Kahnawake,_Quebec" title="wikilink">Kahnawake, Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="Oneydalar" title="wikilink">Oneydalar</a>, New York<a href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20" role="doc-noteref">²⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Onondagalar" title="wikilink">Onondagalar</a>, New York<a href="#fn21" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref21" role="doc-noteref">²¹</a></li> <li><a href="Senekalar" title="wikilink">Senekalar</a>, New York,<a href="#fn22" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref22" role="doc-noteref">²²</a> sonra Oklahoma <ul> <li><a href="Mingo" title="wikilink">Mingo</a>, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tuscarora_people" title="wikilink">Tuscarora</a>, önceden North Carolina</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Kikapular" title="wikilink">Kikapular</a>, Michigan,<a href="#fn23" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref23" role="doc-noteref">²³</a> Illinois, Missouri, sonra Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Mexico</li> <li><a href="St._Lawrence_Iroquoians" title="wikilink">Laurentian</a> (<a href="St._Lawrence_Iroquoians" title="wikilink">St. Lawrence Iroquoians</a>, önceden New York, Ontario, Quebec, 14th c.—1580 MS</li> <li><a href="Lenape" title="wikilink">Lenni-Lenape</a> Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, şimdi Ontario ve Oklahoma <ul> <li><a href="Munsiler" title="wikilink">Munsiler</a> <ul> <li><a href="Esopus_tribe" title="wikilink">Esopus</a>, önceden New York, sonra Ontario ve Wisconsin <ul> <li><a href="Waoranecks" title="wikilink">Waoranecks</a></li> <li><a href="Warranawankongs" title="wikilink">Warranawankongs</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Minisink_people" title="wikilink">Minisink</a> above the Delaware Water Gap</li> <li><a href="Ramapough_Mountain_Indians" title="wikilink">Ramapough Mountain Indians</a>, New Jersey</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Delaware_dilleri" title="wikilink">Unami</a> linguistic group <ul> <li><a href="Acquackanonk_tribe" title="wikilink">Acquackanonk</a>, Passaic River in northern New Jersey</li> <li><a href="Hackensack_tribe" title="wikilink">Hackensack</a>, New Jersey</li> <li><a href="Navasink" title="wikilink">Navasink</a>, to the east along the north shore of New Jersey</li> <li><a href="Raritan_tribe" title="wikilink">Raritan</a>, New Jersey, New York</li> <li><a href="Rumachenanck_tribe" title="wikilink">Rumachenanck</a> (Haverstraw), New Jersey, New York</li> <li><a href="Tappan_tribe" title="wikilink">Tappan</a>, New Jersey, New York</li> <li><a href="Unalachtigo_Lenape" title="wikilink">Unalachtigo</a>, Delaware, New Jersey</li> <li><a href="Wiechquaeskecks" title="wikilink">Wiechquaeskecks</a>, Connecticut</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Mascouten" title="wikilink">Mascouten</a>, formerly Michigan<a href="#fn24" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref24" role="doc-noteref">²⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Massachusett" title="wikilink">Massachusett</a>, Massachusetts <ul> <li><a href="Ponkapoag" title="wikilink">Ponkapoag</a>, Massachusetts</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Menominee" title="wikilink">Menominee</a>, Wisconsin<a href="#fn25" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref25" role="doc-noteref">²⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Mahican" title="wikilink">Mahican Confederacy</a>, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, and Vermont<a href="#fn26" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref26" role="doc-noteref">²⁶</a> <ul> <li><a href="Housatonic_people" title="wikilink">Housatonic</a>, Massachusetts, New York<a href="#fn27" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref27" role="doc-noteref">²⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Mahican" title="wikilink">Mahican</a>, Massachusetts, New York, and Vermont<a href="#fn28" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref28" role="doc-noteref">²⁸</a><a href="#fn29" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref29" role="doc-noteref">²⁹</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><ul> <li><a href="Wappinger" title="wikilink">Wappinger</a>, New York<a href="#fn30" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref30" role="doc-noteref">³⁰</a> <ul> <li><a href="Wappinger_proper" title="wikilink">Wappinger proper</a>, New York</li> <li><a href="Hammonasset" title="wikilink">Hammonasset</a>, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Kitchawank" title="wikilink">Kitchawank</a> (<a href="Kichtawanks" title="wikilink">Kichtawanks</a>, <a href="Kichtawank" title="wikilink">Kichtawank</a>), northern Westchester County, New York</li> <li><a href="Mattabesset" title="wikilink">Mattabesset</a>, New Haven County, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Massaco" title="wikilink">Massaco</a>, Farmington River, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Menunkatuck" title="wikilink">Menunkatuck</a>, Connecticut kıyıları</li> <li><a href="Nochpeem" title="wikilink">Nochpeem</a>, Dutchess County, New York</li> <li><a href="Paugusset" title="wikilink">Paugusset</a>, along Housatonic River, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Podunk_people" title="wikilink">Podunk</a>, doğu Hartford County, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Poquonock" title="wikilink">Poquonock</a>, Hartford County, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Quinnipiac" title="wikilink">Quinnipiac</a> (<a href="Eansketambawg" title="wikilink">Eansketambawg</a>), Connecticut, New Jersey, New York</li> <li><a href="Rechgawawanc" title="wikilink">Rechgawawanc</a> (<a href="Recgawawanc" title="wikilink">Recgawawanc</a>)</li> <li><a href="Sicaog" title="wikilink">Sicaog</a>, Hartford County, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Sintsink" title="wikilink">Sintsink</a>, Westchester County, New York</li> <li><a href="Siwanoy" title="wikilink">Siwanoy</a>, Connecticut, New York</li> <li><a href="Tankiteke" title="wikilink">Tankiteke</a>, Connecticut, New York</li> <li><a href="Tunxis" title="wikilink">Tunxis</a>, Hartford County, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Wecquaesgeek" title="wikilink">Wecquaesgeek</a>, Westchester County, New York</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Wyachtonok" title="wikilink">Wyachtonok</a>, Connecticut, New York<a href="#fn31" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref31" role="doc-noteref">³¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Massachusett" title="wikilink">Massachusett</a>, Massachusetts<a href="#fn32" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref32" role="doc-noteref">³²</a></li> <li><a href="Mi&#39;kmaq_people" title="wikilink">Mi'kmaq</a> (Micmac), New Brunswick, Newfoundland ve Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec,<a href="#fn33" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref33" role="doc-noteref">³³</a> ve Maine</li> <li><a href="Mohegan" title="wikilink">Mohegan</a>, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Montaukett" title="wikilink">Montaukett</a> (Montauk), New York</li> <li><a href="Nanticoke_people" title="wikilink">Nanticoke</a>, Delaware ve Maryland<a href="#fn34" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref34" role="doc-noteref">³⁴</a> <ul> <li><a href="Accohannock" title="wikilink">Accohannock</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Narragansett_people" title="wikilink">Narragansett</a>, Rhode Island</li> <li><a href="Niantic_people" title="wikilink">Niantic</a>, Connecticut kıyıları<a href="#fn35" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref35" role="doc-noteref">³⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Nipmuc" title="wikilink">Nipmuc</a> (<a href="Nipmuck" title="wikilink">Nipmuck</a>), Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island<a href="#fn36" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref36" role="doc-noteref">³⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Occaneechee" title="wikilink">Occaneechee</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn37" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref37" role="doc-noteref">³⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Passamaquoddy_people" title="wikilink">Passamaquoddy</a>, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Maine<a href="#fn38" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref38" role="doc-noteref">³⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Patuxent_people" title="wikilink">Patuxent</a>, Maryland<a href="#fn39" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref39" role="doc-noteref">³⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Penobscot_people" title="wikilink">Penobscot</a>, Maine</li> <li><a href="Pequot" title="wikilink">Pequot</a>, Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Petun" title="wikilink">Petun</a> (<a href="Tionontate" title="wikilink">Tionontate</a>), Ontario<a href="#fn40" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref40" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Piscataway_tribe" title="wikilink">Piscataway</a>, Maryland<a href="#fn41" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref41" role="doc-noteref">⁴¹</a></li> <li><a href="Pocumtuc" title="wikilink">Pocumtuc</a>, batı Massachusetts<a href="#fn42" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref42" role="doc-noteref">⁴²</a></li> <li><a href="Poospatuck" title="wikilink">Poospatuck</a>, New York</li> <li><a href="Quinnipiac" title="wikilink">Quinnipiac</a>, Connecticut, doğu New York, kuzey New Jersey <ul> <li><a href="Hammonasset" title="wikilink">Hammonasset</a></li> <li><a href="Mattabesec" title="wikilink">Mattabesec</a></li> <li><a href="Mattatuck" title="wikilink">Mattatuck</a></li> <li><a href="Menunkatuck" title="wikilink">Menunkatuck</a></li> <li><a href="Meriden_people" title="wikilink">Meriden</a></li> <li><a href="Mioonkhtuck" title="wikilink">Mioonkhtuck</a></li> <li><a href="Naugatuck_(people)" title="wikilink">Naugatuck</a>, New York<a href="#fn43" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref43" role="doc-noteref">⁴³</a></li> <li><a href="Nehantic" title="wikilink">Nehantic</a></li> <li><a href="Paugusset" title="wikilink">Paugusset</a>, New York<a href="#fn44" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref44" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Podunk_(people)" title="wikilink">Podunk</a>, New York<a href="#fn45" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref45" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Potatuck" title="wikilink">Potatuck</a>, New York<a href="#fn46" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref46" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Totoket" title="wikilink">Totoket</a></li> <li><a href="Tunxis" title="wikilink">Tunxis</a>, New York<a href="#fn47" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref47" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Wangunk" title="wikilink">Wangunk</a>, New York<a href="#fn48" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref48" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Wepawaug" title="wikilink">Wepawaug</a>, New York<a href="#fn49" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref49" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Sauk_people" title="wikilink">Sauk</a>, Michigan,<a href="#fn50" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref50" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁰</a> sonra Iowa, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Schaghticoke_tribe" title="wikilink">Schaghticoke</a>, western Connecticut</li> <li><a href="Şavniler" title="wikilink">Şavniler</a>, Ohio,<a href="#fn51" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref51" role="doc-noteref">⁵¹</a> West Virginia, Pennsylvania, sonra Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Shinnecock_Indian_Nation" title="wikilink">Shinnecock</a>, Long Island, New York<a href="#fn52" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref52" role="doc-noteref">⁵²</a></li> <li><a href="Susquehannock" title="wikilink">Susquehannock</a>, Maryland vePennsylvania<a href="#fn53" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref53" role="doc-noteref">⁵³</a></li> <li><a href="Tauxenent" title="wikilink">Tauxenent</a> (<a href="Doeg_tribe" title="wikilink">Doeg</a>), Virginia<a href="#fn54" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref54" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Unquachog" title="wikilink">Unquachog</a>, Long Island, New York<a href="#fn55" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref55" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Wampanoag_people" title="wikilink">Wampanoag</a>, Massachusetts <ul> <li><a href="Nauset" title="wikilink">Nauset</a>, Massachusetts</li> <li><a href="Patuxet_tribe" title="wikilink">Patuxet</a>, Massachusetts</li> <li><a href="Pokanoket" title="wikilink">Pokanoket</a>, Massachusetts, Rhode Island<a href="#fn56" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref56" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁶</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Wawenoc" title="wikilink">Wawenoc</a>, Maine</li> <li><a href="Wenro" title="wikilink">Wenro</a>, New York<a href="#fn57" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref57" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Wenrohronon" title="wikilink">Wenrohronon</a>, Pennsylvania, New York</li> <li><a href="Wicocomico" title="wikilink">Wicocomico</a>, Maryland, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Wolastoqiyik" title="wikilink">Wolastoqiyik</a>, <a href="Maliseet" title="wikilink">Maliseet</a>, Maine, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec<a href="#fn58" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref58" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Wyandot_people" title="wikilink">Wyandot</a> (<a href="Wyandot_people" title="wikilink">Huron</a>), Ontario south of <a href="Georgian_Bay" title="wikilink">Georgian Bay</a>, now Oklahoma, Kansas, Michigan, <a href="Wendake,_Quebec" title="wikilink">Wendake</a>, Quebec</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, ix<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn2" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn3" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn4" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn5" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn6" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn7" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, 241<a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn8" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn9" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn10" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn11" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn12" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn13" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn14" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn15" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn16" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn17" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn18" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn19" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn20" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn21" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn22" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn23" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn24" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn25" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn26" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn27" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, 198<a href="#fnref27" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn28" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn29" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn30" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn31" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn32" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, 161<a href="#fnref32" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn33" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn34" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn35" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn36" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn37" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, 96<a href="#fnref37" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn38" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn39" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn40" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn41" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn42" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn43" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn44" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn45" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn46" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn47" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn48" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn49" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn50" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn51" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn52" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn53" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn54" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Trigger, 255<a href="#fnref54" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn55" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn56" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn57" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn58" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Büyük Havza

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Ahwahnechee" title="wikilink">Ahwahnechee</a>, Yosemite Valley, California</li> <li><a href="Bannock_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Bannock</a>, Idaho<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a></li> <li>Colorado River tribes <ul> <li><a href="Chemehuevi" title="wikilink">Chemehuevi</a>, güneydoğu Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Southern_Paiute" title="wikilink">Southern Paiute</a>, Arizona, Nevada, Utah <ul> <li><a href="Kaibab_Indian_Reservation" title="wikilink">Kaibab</a>, kuzeybatı Arizona<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref">²</a></li> <li><a href="Kaiparowtis" title="wikilink">Kaiparowtis</a>, güneybatı Utah<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref">³</a></li> <li><a href="Moapa_Band_of_Paiute_Indians" title="wikilink">Moapa</a>, güney Nevada<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref">⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Panaca" title="wikilink">Panaca</a><a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref">⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Panguitch_Utes" title="wikilink">Panguitch</a>, Utah<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref">⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Paranigets" title="wikilink">Paranigets</a>, güney Nevada<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref">⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Shivwits" title="wikilink">Shivwits</a>, güneybatı Utah<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref">⁸</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Fremont_culture" title="wikilink">Fremont culture</a> (400 MS–1300 MS), formerly Utah<a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref">⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Kawaiisu" title="wikilink">Kawaiisu</a>, güney iç Kaliforniya<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Mono_tribe" title="wikilink">Mono</a>, güneydoğu Kaliforniya <ul> <li><a href="Eastern_Mono" title="wikilink">Eastern Mono</a>, güneydoğu Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Western_Mono" title="wikilink">Western Mono</a> ya da <a href="Owens_Valley_Paiute" title="wikilink">Owens Valley Paiute</a>, doğu Kaliforniya ve Nevada<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref">¹¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Northern_Paiute" title="wikilink">Northern Paiute</a>, doğu Kaliforniya, Nevada, Oregon, güneybatı Idaho<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref">¹²</a> <ul> <li><a href="Kucadikadi" title="wikilink">Kucadikadi</a>, <a href="Mono_Lake_Paiute" title="wikilink">Mono Lake Paiute</a>, Mono Lake, California</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Shoshone" title="wikilink">Shoshone</a> (<a href="Shoshoni" title="wikilink">Shoshoni</a>), Kaliforniya, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming <ul> <li><a href="Western_Shoshone" title="wikilink">Western Shoshone</a>, doğu Kaliforniya, Nevada, kuzey Utah, güneydoğu Idaho<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref">¹³</a> <ul> <li><a href="Duckwater_Shoshone_Tribe" title="wikilink">Duckwater Shoshone Tribe</a> ya da <a href="Tsaidüka" title="wikilink">Tsaidüka</a>, Railroad Valley, Nevada<a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Goshute" title="wikilink">Goshute</a>, Nevada ve Utah</li> <li><a href="Tonomudza" title="wikilink">Tonomudza</a> band ya da <a href="Te-Moak_Tribe" title="wikilink">Te-Moak Tribe</a>, Nevada</li> <li><a href="Yomba_Western_Shoshone_Tribe" title="wikilink">Yomba</a>, Nevada</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><ul> <li><a href="Northern_Shoshone" title="wikilink">Northern Shoshone</a>, Idaho<a href="#fn15" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵</a> <ul> <li><a href="Agaideka" title="wikilink">Agaideka</a> (Salmon Eaters) or <a href="Lemhi_Shoshone" title="wikilink">Lemhi Shoshone</a>, Snake River ve Lemhi River Valley, Idaho<a href="#fn16" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Kammedeka" title="wikilink">Kammedeka</a> (Jackrabbit Eaters), Snake River, Idaho to the Great Salt Lake, Utah<a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Pohogwe" title="wikilink">Pohogwe</a> (People of the Sagebrush Butte) or <a href="Fort_Hall_Shoshone" title="wikilink">Fort Hall Shoshone</a>, Idaho<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref">¹⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Tukudeka" title="wikilink">Tukudeka</a> (Mountain Sheep Eaters), merkezî Idaho, güney Montana ve Yellowstone, Wyoming</li> <li><a href="Yahandeka" title="wikilink">Yahandeka</a> (Groundhog Eaters), Boise, Payette ve Weiser Rivers, Idaho<a href="#fn19" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref">¹⁹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Eastern_Shoshone" title="wikilink">Eastern Shoshone</a>, Wyoming<a href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20" role="doc-noteref">²⁰</a> <ul> <li><a href="Kuccuntikka" title="wikilink">Kuccuntikka</a> (Buffalo Eaters)<a href="#fn21" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref21" role="doc-noteref">²¹</a></li> <li><a href="Tukkutikka" title="wikilink">Tukkutikka</a> or <a href="Tukudeka" title="wikilink">Tukudeka</a> (Mountain Sheep Eaters), joined the Northern Shoshone<a href="#fn22" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref22" role="doc-noteref">²²</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Timbisha" title="wikilink">Timbisha</a> or <a href="Panamint" title="wikilink">Panamint</a> or <a href="Koso" title="wikilink">Koso</a>, southeastern California</li> <li><a href="Ute_Tribe" title="wikilink">Ute</a>, Colorado, Utah, northern New Mexico<a href="#fn23" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref23" role="doc-noteref">²³</a> <ul> <li><a href="Capote_Ute" title="wikilink">Capote</a>, güneydoğu Colorado and New Mexico<a href="#fn24" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref24" role="doc-noteref">²⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Moanunts" title="wikilink">Moanunts</a>, Salina, Utah<a href="#fn25" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref25" role="doc-noteref">²⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Muache" title="wikilink">Muache</a>, güney ve merkezî Colorado<a href="#fn26" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref26" role="doc-noteref">²⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Pahvant" title="wikilink">Pahvant</a>, batı Utah<a href="#fn27" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref27" role="doc-noteref">²⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Sanpits" title="wikilink">Sanpits</a>, merkezî Utah<a href="#fn28" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref28" role="doc-noteref">²⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Timpanogots" title="wikilink">Timpanogots</a>, kuzey central Utah<a href="#fn29" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref29" role="doc-noteref">²⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Ute_Indian_Tribe_of_the_Uintah_and_Ouray_Reservation" title="wikilink">Uintah</a>, Utah<a href="#fn30" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref30" role="doc-noteref">³⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Uncompahgre_Ute" title="wikilink">Uncompahgre</a> or <a href="Taviwach" title="wikilink">Taviwach</a>, merkezî ve kuzey Colorado<a href="#fn31" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref31" role="doc-noteref">³¹</a></li> <li><a href="Weeminuche" title="wikilink">Weeminuche</a>, batı Colorado, doğu Utah, kuzeybatı New Mexico<a href="#fn32" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref32" role="doc-noteref">³²</a></li> <li><a href="White_River_Utes" title="wikilink">White River Utes</a> (<a href="Parusanuch" title="wikilink">Parusanuch</a> ve <a href="Yampa_Utes" title="wikilink">Yampa</a>), Colorado and eastern Utah<a href="#fn33" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref33" role="doc-noteref">³³</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Washoe_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Washoe</a>, <a href="Washoe_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Washo</a>, Nevada and California</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, ix<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn2" role="doc-endnote">Pritzker, 230<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn3" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn4" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn5" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn6" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn7" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn8" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn9" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 161-2<a href="#fnref9" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn10" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn11" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn12" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn13" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn14" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 282<a href="#fnref14" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn15" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn16" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 306<a href="#fnref16" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn17" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn18" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn19" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn20" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn21" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 335<a href="#fnref21" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn22" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn23" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn24" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 339<a href="#fnref24" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn25" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn26" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn27" role="doc-endnote">D'Azevedo, 340<a href="#fnref27" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn28" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn29" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn30" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn31" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn32" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn33" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Plato

• Cayuse, Oregon
• Celilo (Wayampam)
• Chinook
• Columbian (Dialects: Wenatchee, Sinkayuse, Chelan)
• Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
• Colville, Washington
• Upper Cowlitz
• Flathead (Selisch or Salish), Idaho and Montana
• Klamath, Oregon
• Klickitat Tribe, Washington
• Kootenai/Ktunaxa, British Columbia, Montana, and Idaho
• Lower Snake (Chamnapam, Wauyukma, Naxiyampam)
• Modoc, California and Oregon
• Molala (Molale), Oregon
• Nimipular, Idaho
• Nikola Atabaskları (extinct)
• Nikola Salişleri (confederacy)
• Nlakapamuklar, British Columbia, formerly known as the Thompson people
• Okanaganlar (Syilx), British Columbia and Washington
• Palus (Palouse)
• Pend'Oreilles (Kalispel), Washington
• Rock Creek
• Sanpoil (tribe)
• Secwepemc (Shuswap), British Columbia
• Sinixt (Lakes), British Columbia, Washington, Idaho
• Spokane, Washington
• St'at'imc (Lillooet)
  • Lil'wat
  • In-SHUCK-ch
• Tenino (Warm Springs), Oregon
  • Dalles Tenino
  • Dock-Spus
  • Tygh
  • Wyam
• Umatilla, Oregon
• Upper Nisqually (Mishalpan)
• Walla Walla, Oregon
• Wanapum
• Wasco-Wishram, Oregon
• Yakama, Washington

Pasifik Kuzeybatısı

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li>Ahantchuyuk → Kalapuya</li> <li><a href="Alsea_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Alsea</a></li> <li><a href="Applegate_tribe" title="wikilink">Applegate</a></li> <li>Atfalati → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Bella Bella → <em>Heiltsuk</em></li> <li>Bella Coola → <em>Nuxalk</em></li> <li>Burrard → <em>Tsleil-waututh</em></li> <li>Calapooia → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Calapuya → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Central Kalapuya → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Chasta Costa → <em>Rogue River</em></li> <li><a href="Chehalis_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Chehalis</a> (Upper and Lower) Washington</li> <li><a href="Sts&#39;Ailes" title="wikilink">Chehalis (BC)</a>, Fraser Valley</li> <li><a href="Chemakum" title="wikilink">Chemakum</a> Washington (extinct)</li> <li>Chetco → <em>Tolowa</em></li> <li><a href="Chinookan_languages" title="wikilink">Chinook</a> Dialects: (<a href="Lower_Chinook" title="wikilink">Lower Chinook</a>, <a href="Upper_Chinook" title="wikilink">Upper Chinook</a>, Clackamas, <a href="Wasco-Wishram_language" title="wikilink">Wasco</a>)</li> <li>Clallam → <em>Klallam</em></li> <li><a href="Clatsop" title="wikilink">Clatsop</a></li> <li><a href="Komokslar" title="wikilink">Komokslar</a> Vancouver Island/BC Georgia Strait</li> <li><a href="Coos_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Coos</a> <a href="Hanis_people" title="wikilink">Hanis</a>} Oregon</li> <li><a href="Lower_Coquille" title="wikilink">Lower Coquille</a> (<a href="Miluk_people" title="wikilink">Miluk</a>) Oregon</li> <li><a href="Upper_Coquille" title="wikilink">Upper Coquille</a></li> <li><a href="Cowichan_peoples" title="wikilink">Cowichan</a> Southern Vancouver Island/Georgia Strait <ul> <li><a href="Quwutsun" title="wikilink">Quwutsun</a></li> <li><a href="Somena" title="wikilink">Somena</a></li> <li><a href="Quamichan" title="wikilink">Quamichan</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Lower_Cowlitz" title="wikilink">Lower Cowlitz</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Duwamish_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Duwamish</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Eyaklar" title="wikilink">Eyaklar</a> Alaska</li> <li><a href="Galice" title="wikilink">Galice</a></li> <li><a href="Gitxsan" title="wikilink">Gitxsan</a>, British Columbia</li> <li><a href="Haydalar" title="wikilink">Haydalar</a> (lehçeleri: <a href="Kaigani" title="wikilink">Kaigani</a>, <a href="Skidegate" title="wikilink">Skidegate</a>, <a href="Masset" title="wikilink">Masset</a>) BC &amp; Alaska</li> <li><a href="Haisla_people" title="wikilink">Haisla</a> BC North/Central Coast <ul> <li><a href="Haihai" title="wikilink">Haihai</a></li> <li><a href="Kimsquit" title="wikilink">Kimsquit</a></li> <li><a href="Kitimaat" title="wikilink">Kitimaat</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Heiltsuk_people" title="wikilink">Heiltsuk</a> BC Central Coast</li> <li><a href="Hoh" title="wikilink">Hoh</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Kalapuya_people" title="wikilink">Kalapuya</a> (Calapooia, Calapuya) <ul> <li><a href="North_Kalapuya" title="wikilink">North Kalapuya</a> <ul> <li><a href="Yamhill_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Yamhill</a> (Yamel)</li> <li><a href="Tualatin_(people)" title="wikilink">Tualatin</a></li> <li><a href="Tfalati" title="wikilink">Tfalati</a> (<a href="Atfalati" title="wikilink">Atfalati</a>)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Central_Kalapuya" title="wikilink">Central Kalapuya</a> <ul> <li><a href="Santiam_people" title="wikilink">Santiam</a></li> <li><a href="Mary&#39;s_River" title="wikilink">Mary's River</a></li> <li><a href="Lakmiut" title="wikilink">Lakmiut</a></li> <li><a href="Ahantchuyuk" title="wikilink">Ahantchuyuk</a></li> <li><a href="Lower_McKenzie" title="wikilink">Lower McKenzie</a> (<a href="Mohawk_people_(Oregon)" title="wikilink">Mohawk people (Oregon)</a>)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="South_Kalapuya" title="wikilink">South Kalapuya</a> (<a href="Yonkalla" title="wikilink">Yonkalla</a>, <a href="Yoncalla" title="wikilink">Yoncalla</a>)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Klallam" title="wikilink">Klallam</a> (Clallam, Dialects: <a href="Klallam_(Lower_Elwha)" title="wikilink">Klallam (Lower Elwha)</a>, <a href="S&#39;Klallam_(Jamestown)" title="wikilink">S'Klallam (Jamestown)</a>, <a href="S&#39;Klallam_(Port_Gamble)" title="wikilink">S'Klallam (Port Gamble)</a>)</li> <li><a href="Klickitat_Tribe" title="wikilink">Klickitat</a></li> <li><a href="Kwalhioqua" title="wikilink">Kwalhioqua</a></li> <li><a href="Kwakwaka&#39;wakw" title="wikilink">Kwakwaka'wakw</a> (Kwakiutl) <ul> <li><a href="Koskimo" title="wikilink">Koskimo</a></li> <li><a href="&#39;Namgis" title="wikilink">'Namgis</a></li> <li><a href="Laich-kwil-tach" title="wikilink">Laich-kwil-tach</a> (Euclataws or Yuculta)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Kwalhioqua" title="wikilink">Kwalhioqua</a></li> <li><a href="Kwatami" title="wikilink">Kwatami</a></li> <li>Lakmiut → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Lower McKenzie → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Lummi" title="wikilink">Lummi</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Makah_people" title="wikilink">Makah</a> Washington</li> <li>Mary's River → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Muckleshoot" title="wikilink">Muckleshoot</a> Washington</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Musqueam" title="wikilink">Musqueam</a> BC Lower Mainland (Vancouver)</li> <li><a href="Nisga&#39;a" title="wikilink">Nisga'a</a>, British Columbia</li> <li><a href="Nisqually_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Nisqually</a> - Washington</li> <li><a href="Nooksack_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Nooksack</a> Washington</li> <li>North Kalapuya → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Nisqually_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Nisqually</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Nuu-chah-nulth_people" title="wikilink">Nuu-chah-nulth</a> West Coast of Vancouver Island</li> <li><a href="Nuxalk_Nation" title="wikilink">Nuxalk</a> (Bella Coola) – BC Central Coast</li> <li>Oowekeno → <a href="Wuikinuxv" title="wikilink">Wuikinuxv</a></li> <li><a href="Pentlatch" title="wikilink">Pentlatch</a> Vancouver Island/Georgia Strait (extinct)</li> <li><a href="Puyallup_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Puyallup</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Quileute_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Quileute</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Quinault_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Quinault</a> Washington</li> <li>Rivers Inlet → <a href="Wuikinuxv" title="wikilink">Wuikinuxv</a></li> <li><a href="Rogue_River_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Rogue River or Upper Illinois</a> Oregon, California</li> <li><a href="Saanich" title="wikilink">Saanich</a> Southern Vancouver Island/Georgia Strait</li> <li><a href="Samish" title="wikilink">Samish</a> Washington</li> <li>Santiam → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Sauk-Suiattle" title="wikilink">Sauk-Suiattle</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Shishalh" title="wikilink">Sechelt</a> BC Sunshine Coast/Georgia Strait (Shishalh)</li> <li><a href="Shoalwater_Bay_Tribe" title="wikilink">Shoalwater Bay Tribe</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Siletz_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Siletz</a> Oregon</li> <li><a href="Siuslaw_people" title="wikilink">Siuslaw</a> Oregon</li> <li><a href="Skagit_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Skagit</a></li> <li><a href="Skokomish_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Skokomish</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Skwxwu7mesh" title="wikilink">Skwxwu7mesh</a> (Squamish), British Columbia</li> <li><a href="Sliammon" title="wikilink">Sliammon</a> BC Sunshine Coast/Georgia Strait (Mainland Comox)</li> <li><a href="Snohomish_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Snohomish</a></li> <li><a href="Snoqualmie_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Snoqualmie</a></li> <li><a href="Snuneymuxw" title="wikilink">Snuneymuxw</a> (Nanaimo), Vancouver Island</li> <li><a href="Songhees" title="wikilink">Songhees</a> (Songish) Southern Vancouver Island/Strait of Juan de Fuca</li> <li><a href="Sooke" title="wikilink">Sooke</a> Southern Vancouver Island/Strait of Juan de Fuca</li> <li>South Kalapuya → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Squaxin_Island_Tribe" title="wikilink">Squaxin Island Tribe</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Spokane_(people)" title="wikilink">Spokane</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Stillaguamish_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Stillaguamish</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Sto:lo" title="wikilink">Sto:lo</a>, BC Lower Mainland/Fraser Valley <ul> <li><a href="Kwantlen_First_Nation" title="wikilink">Kwantlen</a></li> <li><a href="Katzie" title="wikilink">Katzie</a></li> </ul></li> <li>Squamish → <em>Skwxwu7mesh</em></li> <li><a href="Suquamish" title="wikilink">Suquamish</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Swinomish" title="wikilink">Swinomish</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Tait_people" title="wikilink">Tait</a></li> <li><a href="Takelma_people" title="wikilink">Takelma</a> Oregon</li> <li><a href="Talio" title="wikilink">Talio</a></li> <li>Tfalati → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Tillamook_(tribe)" title="wikilink">Tillamook</a> (Nehalem) Oregon</li> <li><a href="Tlatlasikoala" title="wikilink">Tlatlasikoala</a></li> <li><a href="Tlingit_people" title="wikilink">Tlingit</a> Alaska</li> <li><a href="Tolowa" title="wikilink">Tolowa</a>-<a href="Tututni" title="wikilink">Tututni</a></li> <li><a href="Tsimshian" title="wikilink">Tsimshian</a></li> <li><a href="Tsleil-waututh" title="wikilink">Tsleil-waututh</a> (Burrard) - British Columbia</li> <li>Tualatin → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Tulalip" title="wikilink">Tulalip</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Twana" title="wikilink">Twana</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Tzouk-e" title="wikilink">Tzouk-e</a> (Sooke) Vancouver Island</li> <li><a href="Umpqua_(Native_Americans)" title="wikilink">Lower Umpqua</a> Oregon</li> <li><a href="Umpqua_(Native_Americans)" title="wikilink">Upper Umpqua</a> Oregon</li> <li><a href="Upper_Skagit" title="wikilink">Upper Skagit</a> Washington</li> <li><a href="Wuikinuxv" title="wikilink">Wuikinuxv</a> (Owekeeno), BC Central Coast</li> <li>Yamel → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li>Yamhill → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> <li><a href="Yaquina_(people)" title="wikilink">Yaquina</a></li> <li>Yoncalla → <em>Kalapuya</em></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Büyük Ovalar

Büyük Ovalar'daki yerliler Kuzey ve Güney Ova Kızılderilileri olmak üzere iki ana grupta toplanırlar.

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Apaçiler" title="wikilink">Apaçiler</a> - ayrıca bkz. <a href="Güneybatı_Kızılderilileri" title="wikilink">Güneybatı Kızılderilileri</a> <ul> <li><a href="Lipan_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Lipan Apaçileri</a>, New Mexico, Texas</li> <li><a href="Ova_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Ova Apaçileri</a> (Kiowa-Apache), Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Querechos" title="wikilink">Querecho Apaçileri</a>, Texas</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Arapaholar" title="wikilink">Arapaholar</a> (Arapahoe, Arrapahoe), Colorado, Oklahoma, Wyoming <ul> <li><a href="Besawunena" title="wikilink">Besawunena</a></li> <li><a href="Nawathinehena" title="wikilink">Nawathinehena</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Arikaralar" title="wikilink">Arikaralar</a> (Arikaree, Arikari, Ree), North Dakota</li> <li><a href="Atsinalar" title="wikilink">Atsinalar</a> (Gros Ventre), Montana</li> <li><a href="Karaayaklar" title="wikilink">Karaayaklar</a> (Blackfoot) <ul> <li><a href="Kainai_Nation" title="wikilink">Kainai Nation</a> (Káínaa, Blood), Alberta</li> <li><a href="Northern_Peigan" title="wikilink">Northern Peigan</a> (Aapátohsipikáni), Alberta</li> <li><a href="Blackfeet" title="wikilink">Blackfeet</a>, <a href="Southern_Piegan" title="wikilink">Southern Piegan</a> (Aamsskáápipikani), Montana</li> <li><a href="Siksika_Nation" title="wikilink">Siksika</a> (Siksikáwa), Alberta</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Şayenler" title="wikilink">Şayenler</a> (Cheyenne), Montana, Oklahoma <ul> <li><a href="Suhtai" title="wikilink">Suhtai</a>, Montana, Oklahoma</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Comanche" title="wikilink">Comanche</a>, Oklahoma, Texas</li> <li><a href="Ova_Krileri" title="wikilink">Ova Krileri</a>, Montana</li> <li><a href="Apsalokeler" title="wikilink">Apsalokeler</a> (Crow, Absaroka, Apsáalooke), Montana</li> <li><a href="Escanjaque_Indians" title="wikilink">Escanjaques</a>, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Hidatsalar" title="wikilink">Hidatsalar</a>, North Dakota</li> <li><a href="Iowa_people" title="wikilink">Iowa</a> (Ioway), Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Kaw_people" title="wikilink">Kaw</a> (Kansa, Kanza), Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Kiowa" title="wikilink">Kiowa</a>, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Mandanlar" title="wikilink">Mandanlar</a>, North Dakota</li> <li><a href="Missouri_tribe" title="wikilink">Missouri</a> (Missouria), Oklahoma</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Omahalar" title="wikilink">Omahalar</a>, Nebraska</li> <li><a href="Osageler" title="wikilink">Osageler</a>, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Otoe_tribe" title="wikilink">Otoe</a> (Oto), Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Pavniler" title="wikilink">Pavniler</a> (lehçeleri: <a href="South_Band" title="wikilink">South Band</a>, Skiri, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Ponkalar" title="wikilink">Ponkalar</a>, Nebraska, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Quapaw" title="wikilink">Quapaw</a>, formerly Arkansas, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Siyular" title="wikilink">Siyular</a> <ul> <li><a href="Dakotalar" title="wikilink">Dakotalar</a>, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Manitoba, Saskatchewan <ul> <li><a href="Santi_Dakotaları" title="wikilink">Santi Dakotaları</a>, Nebraska</li> <li><a href="Yankton_Dakotaları" title="wikilink">Yankton Dakotaları</a>, South Dakota</li> <li><a href="Yanktonai_Dakotaları" title="wikilink">Yanktonai Dakotaları</a>, formerly Minnesota, currently Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Lakotalar" title="wikilink">Lakotalar</a> (Teton), Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Saskatchewan <ul> <li><a href="Brulé_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Brulé Lakotaları</a> (Sičháŋǧu, Brulé, Burned Thighs)</li> <li><a href="Oglala_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Oglala Lakotaları</a> (Oglála, Scatters Their Own)</li> <li><a href="İtazipço_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">İtazipço Lakotaları</a> (Itázipčho, Sans Arc, No Bows)</li> <li><a href="Hunkpapa_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Hunkpapa Lakotaları</a> (Húŋkpapȟa)</li> <li><a href="Minikonju_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Minikonju Lakotaları</a> (Mnikȟówožu, Miniconjou)</li> <li><a href="Sihasapa_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Sihasapa Lakotaları</a> (Sihásapa, Blackfoot Sioux)</li> <li><a href="Oohenunpa_Lakotaları" title="wikilink">Oohenunpa Lakotaları</a> (Oóhenuŋpa, Two Kettles)</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Nakodalar" title="wikilink">Nakodalar</a> (Stoney), Alberta</li> <li><a href="Nakotalar" title="wikilink">Nakotalar</a> (Assiniboine, Assiniboin), Montana, Saskatchewan</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Teyas" title="wikilink">Teyas</a> Texas</li> <li><a href="Tonkawa" title="wikilink">Tonkawa</a>, Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Tsutinalar" title="wikilink">Tsutinalar</a>, (Tsuu T’ina, Sarcee, Sarsi, Tsuut’ina), Alberta</li> <li><a href="Wichita_and_Affiliated_Tribes" title="wikilink">Wichita and Affiliated Tribes</a>, Oklahoma, formerly Texas and Kansas <ul> <li><a href="Kichai_people" title="wikilink">Kichai</a>, formerly Texas, currently Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Rayado_Indians" title="wikilink">Rayados</a>, Kansas</li> <li><a href="Taovaya_Indians" title="wikilink">Taovayas</a></li> <li><a href="Tawakoni" title="wikilink">Tawakoni</a>, formerly Texas, currently Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Waco_people" title="wikilink">Waco</a>, formerly Texas, currently Oklahoma</li> </ul></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Güneydoğu

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Acolapissa" title="wikilink">Acolapissa</a> (Colapissa), Louisiana and Mississippi<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a></li> <li><a href="Ais_people" title="wikilink">Ais</a>, eastern coastal Florida<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref">²</a></li> <li><a href="Alabamalar" title="wikilink">Alabamalar</a>, Creek Confederacy, Alabama,<a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref">³</a> southwestern Tennessee, northwestern Mississippi<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref">⁴</a><a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref">⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Alafay" title="wikilink">Alafay</a> (Alafia, Pojoy, Pohoy, Costas Alafeyes, Alafaya Costas), Florida<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref">⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Amacano" title="wikilink">Amacano</a>, Florida west coast<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref">⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Apalachee" title="wikilink">Apalachee</a>, northwestern Florida<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref">⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Apalachicola_people" title="wikilink">Apalachicola</a>, Creek Confederacy, Alabama, Florida, Georgia and South Carolina<a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref">⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Atakapa" title="wikilink">Atakapa</a> (Attacapa), Louisiana west coast and Texas southwestern coast<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰</a> <ul> <li><a href="Akokisa" title="wikilink">Akokisa</a>, Texas southeast coast<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref">¹¹</a></li> <li><a href="Bidai" title="wikilink">Bidai</a>, Texas southeast coast<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref">¹²</a></li> <li><a href="Deadose" title="wikilink">Deadose</a>, eastern Texas</li> <li><a href="Eastern_Atakapa" title="wikilink">Eastern Atakapa</a>, western coastal Louisiana</li> <li><a href="Orcoquiza" title="wikilink">Orcoquiza</a>, southeast Texas</li> <li><a href="Patiri" title="wikilink">Patiri</a>, eastern Texas</li> <li><a href="Tlacopsel" title="wikilink">Tlacopsel</a>, southeast Texas</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Avoyel" title="wikilink">Avoyel</a> ("little Natchez"), Louisiana<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref">¹³</a><a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Backhooks_Nation" title="wikilink">Backhooks Nation</a> (possibly Chuaque, Holpaos, Huaq, Nuaq, Pahoc, Pahor, Paor, Uca),<a href="#fn15" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref15" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵</a> South Carolina</li> <li><a href="Bayogoula" title="wikilink">Bayogoula</a>, southeastern Louisiana<a href="#fn16" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref16" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶</a><a href="#fn17" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref17" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Biloxi_people" title="wikilink">Biloxi</a>, Mississippi<a href="#fn18" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref18" role="doc-noteref">¹⁸</a><a href="#fn19" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref19" role="doc-noteref">¹⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Boca_Ratones" title="wikilink">Boca Ratones</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Caddo" title="wikilink">Caddo Confederacy</a>, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas<a href="#fn20" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref20" role="doc-noteref">²⁰</a><a href="#fn21" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref21" role="doc-noteref">²¹</a> <ul> <li><a href="Adai_(Native_American_culture)" title="wikilink">Adai</a> (Adaizan, Adaizi, Adaise, Adahi, Adaes, Adees, Atayos), Louisiana and Texas<a href="#fn22" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref22" role="doc-noteref">²²</a></li> <li><a href="Cahinnio" title="wikilink">Cahinnio</a>, southern Arkansas<a href="#fn23" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref23" role="doc-noteref">²³</a></li> <li><a href="Doustioni" title="wikilink">Doustioni</a>, north central Louisiana<a href="#fn24" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref24" role="doc-noteref">²⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Eyeish" title="wikilink">Eyeish</a> (Hais), eastern Texas<a href="#fn25" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref25" role="doc-noteref">²⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Hainai" title="wikilink">Hainai</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn26" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref26" role="doc-noteref">²⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Hasinai" title="wikilink">Hasinai</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn27" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref27" role="doc-noteref">²⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Kadohadacho" title="wikilink">Kadohadacho</a>, northeastern Texas, southwestern Arkansas, northwestern Louisiana<a href="#fn28" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref28" role="doc-noteref">²⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Nabedache" title="wikilink">Nabedache</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn29" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref29" role="doc-noteref">²⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Nabiti" title="wikilink">Nabiti</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn30" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref30" role="doc-noteref">³⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Nacogdoche" title="wikilink">Nacogdoche</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn31" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref31" role="doc-noteref">³¹</a></li> <li><a href="Nacono" title="wikilink">Nacono</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn32" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref32" role="doc-noteref">³²</a></li> <li><a href="Nadaco" title="wikilink">Nadaco</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn33" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref33" role="doc-noteref">³³</a></li> <li><a href="Nanatsoho" title="wikilink">Nanatsoho</a>, northeastern Texas<a href="#fn34" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref34" role="doc-noteref">³⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Nasoni_tribe" title="wikilink">Nasoni</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn35" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref35" role="doc-noteref">³⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Natchitoches_people" title="wikilink">Natchitoches</a>, Lower: central Louisiana, Upper: northeastern Texas<a href="#fn36" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref36" role="doc-noteref">³⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Neche_tribe" title="wikilink">Neche</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn37" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref37" role="doc-noteref">³⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Nechaui" title="wikilink">Nechaui</a>, eastern Texas<a href="#fn38" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref38" role="doc-noteref">³⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Ouachita_tribe" title="wikilink">Ouachita</a>, northern Louisiana<a href="#fn39" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref39" role="doc-noteref">³⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Tula_tribe" title="wikilink">Tula</a>, western Arkansas<a href="#fn40" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref40" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Yatasi" title="wikilink">Yatasi</a>, northwestern Louisiana<a href="#fn41" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref41" role="doc-noteref">⁴¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Calusa" title="wikilink">Calusa</a>, southwestern Florida<a href="#fn42" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref42" role="doc-noteref">⁴²</a><a href="#fn43" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref43" role="doc-noteref">⁴³</a></li> <li><a href="Cape_Fear_Indians" title="wikilink">Cape Fear Indians</a>, North Carolina southern coast<a href="#fn44" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref44" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Catawba_people" title="wikilink">Catawba</a> (Esaw, Usheree, Ushery, Yssa),<a href="#fn45" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref45" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁵</a> North Carolina, South Carolina<a href="#fn46" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref46" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Chacato" title="wikilink">Chacato</a>, Florida panhandle and southern Alabama<a href="#fn47" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref47" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Chakchiuma" title="wikilink">Chakchiuma</a>, Alabama and Mississippi<a href="#fn48" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref48" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Chatot_people" title="wikilink">Chatot people</a> (Chacato, Chactoo), west Florida</li> <li><a href="Chawasha" title="wikilink">Chawasha</a> (Washa), Louisiana<a href="#fn49" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref49" role="doc-noteref">⁴⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Cheraw_people" title="wikilink">Cheraw</a> (Chara, Charàh), North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Çerokiler" title="wikilink">Çerokiler</a>, Georgia, North Carolina, western tip of South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, later Arkansas, Texas, Mexico, and Oklahoma<a href="#fn50" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref50" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Chiaha" title="wikilink">Chiaha</a>, Creek Confederacy, Alabama<a href="#fn51" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref51" role="doc-noteref">⁵¹</a></li> <li><a href="Chickanee" title="wikilink">Chickanee</a> (Chiquini), North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Chickasaw" title="wikilink">Chickasaw</a>, Alabama and Mississippi,<a href="#fn52" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref52" role="doc-noteref">⁵²</a> later Oklahoma<a href="#fn53" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref53" role="doc-noteref">⁵³</a></li> <li><a href="Chicora_tribe" title="wikilink">Chicora</a>, coastal South Carolina<a href="#fn54" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref54" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Chine_people" title="wikilink">Chine</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Chisca" title="wikilink">Chisca</a> (Cisca), southwestern Virginia, northern Florida<a href="#fn55" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref55" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Chitimacha" title="wikilink">Chitimacha</a>, Louisiana<a href="#fn56" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref56" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Choctaw" title="wikilink">Choctaw</a>, Mississippi, Alabama,<a href="#fn57" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref57" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁷</a> and parts of Louisiana; later Oklahoma<a href="#fn58" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref58" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Chowanoc" title="wikilink">Chowanoc</a> (<a href="Chowanoke" title="wikilink">Chowanoke</a>), North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Coharie" title="wikilink">Coharie</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Congaree_people" title="wikilink">Congaree</a> (Canggaree), South Carolina<a href="#fn59" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref59" role="doc-noteref">⁵⁹</a><a href="#fn60" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref60" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Coree" title="wikilink">Coree</a>, North Carolina<a href="#fn61" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref61" role="doc-noteref">⁶¹</a></li> <li><a href="Coushatta" title="wikilink">Coushatta</a>, Louisiana and Texas</li> <li><a href="Coharie" title="wikilink">Coharie</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Croatan" title="wikilink">Croatan</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Cusabo" title="wikilink">Cusabo</a> coastal South Carolina<a href="#fn62" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref62" role="doc-noteref">⁶²</a></li> <li><a href="Eno_people" title="wikilink">Eno</a>, North Carolina<a href="#fn63" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref63" role="doc-noteref">⁶³</a></li> <li><a href="Garza_people" title="wikilink">Garza</a>, Texas, northern Mexico</li> <li><a href="Grigra" title="wikilink">Grigra</a> (Gris), Mississippi<a href="#fn64" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref64" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Guacata" title="wikilink">Guacata</a> (Santalûces), eastern coastal Florida<a href="#fn65" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref65" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Guacozo" title="wikilink">Guacozo</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Guale" title="wikilink">Guale</a> (Cusabo, Iguaja, Ybaja), coastal Georgia<a href="#fn66" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref66" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁶</a><a href="#fn67" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref67" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Guazoco" title="wikilink">Guazoco</a>, southwestern Florida coast<a href="#fn68" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref68" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Hitchiti" title="wikilink">Hitchiti</a>, Creek Confederacy, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida<a href="#fn69" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref69" role="doc-noteref">⁶⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Hooks_Nation" title="wikilink">Hooks Nation</a> (possibly Chuaque, Huaq, Nuaq),<a href="#fn70" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref70" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁰</a> see Backhooks Nation</li> <li><a href="Houma_Tribe" title="wikilink">Houma</a>, Louisiana and Mississippi<a href="#fn71" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref71" role="doc-noteref">⁷¹</a></li> <li><a href="Jaega" title="wikilink">Jaega</a> (Jobe), eastern coastal Florida<a href="#fn72" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref72" role="doc-noteref">⁷²</a></li> <li><a href="Jaupin" title="wikilink">Jaupin</a> (Weapemoc), North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Jororo" title="wikilink">Jororo</a>, Florida interior<a href="#fn73" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref73" role="doc-noteref">⁷³</a></li> <li><a href="Keyauwee" title="wikilink">Keyauwee</a>, North Carolina<a href="#fn74" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref74" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Koasati" title="wikilink">Koasati</a>, Tennessee<a href="#fn75" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref75" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Koroa" title="wikilink">Koroa</a>, Mississippi<a href="#fn76" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref76" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Luca_people" title="wikilink">Luca</a>, southwestern Florida coast<a href="#fn77" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref77" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Lumbee" title="wikilink">Lumbee</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Machapunga" title="wikilink">Machapunga</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Manahoac" title="wikilink">Manahoac</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn78" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref78" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Matecumbe" title="wikilink">Matecumbe</a> (Matacumbêses, Matacumbe, Matacombe), Florida Keys<a href="#fn79" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref79" role="doc-noteref">⁷⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Mayaca_people" title="wikilink">Mayaca</a>, Florida<a href="#fn80" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref80" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Mayaimi" title="wikilink">Mayaimi</a> (Mayami), interior Florida<a href="#fn81" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref81" role="doc-noteref">⁸¹</a></li> <li><a href="Mayajuaca" title="wikilink">Mayajuaca</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Meherrin" title="wikilink">Meherrin</a>, Virginia,<a href="#fn82" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref82" role="doc-noteref">⁸²</a> North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Mikasuki" title="wikilink">Mikasuki</a> (Miccosukee), Florida</li> <li><a href="Mobila" title="wikilink">Mobila</a> (Mobile, Movila), northwestern Florida and southern Alabama<a href="#fn83" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref83" role="doc-noteref">⁸³</a></li> <li><a href="Mocoso" title="wikilink">Mocoso</a>, western Florida<a href="#fn84" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref84" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁴</a><a href="#fn85" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref85" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Monacan_people" title="wikilink">Monacan</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn86" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref86" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Monyton" title="wikilink">Monyton</a> (<a href="Monetons" title="wikilink">Monetons</a>, Monekot, Moheton) (<a href="Siouan" title="wikilink">Siouan</a>), West Virginia and Virginia</li> <li><a href="Mougoulacha" title="wikilink">Mougoulacha</a>, Mississippi<a href="#fn87" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref87" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Krikler" title="wikilink">Krikler</a>, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, later Oklahoma <ul> <li><a href="Abihka" title="wikilink">Abihka</a>, Alabama,<a href="#fn88" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref88" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁸</a> later Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Eufaula_tribe" title="wikilink">Eufaula tribe</a>, Georgia, later Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Kialegee_Tribal_Town" title="wikilink">Kialegee Tribal Town</a>, Alabama, later Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Thlopthlocco_Tribal_Town" title="wikilink">Thlopthlocco Tribal Town</a>, Alabama, Georgia, later Oklahoma</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Naniaba" title="wikilink">Naniaba</a>, northwestern Florida and southern Alabama<a href="#fn89" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref89" role="doc-noteref">⁸⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Natchez_people" title="wikilink">Natchez</a>, Louisiana and Mississippi<a href="#fn90" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref90" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁰</a> later Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Coree" title="wikilink">Neusiok</a> (Newasiwac, Neuse River Indians), North Carolina<a href="#fn91" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref91" role="doc-noteref">⁹¹</a></li> <li><a href="Norwood_culture" title="wikilink">Norwood culture</a>, Apalachee region, Florida, ca. 12,000 MÖ—4500 MÖ</li> <li><a href="Nottaway" title="wikilink">Nottaway</a>, Virginia,<a href="#fn92" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref92" role="doc-noteref">⁹²</a> North Carolina</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Occaneechi" title="wikilink">Occaneechi</a> (<a href="Siouan" title="wikilink">Siouan</a>), Virginia<a href="#fn93" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref93" role="doc-noteref">⁹³</a><a href="#fn94" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref94" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Oconee_(Seminole)" title="wikilink">Oconee</a>, Georgia, Florida</li> <li><a href="Ofo" title="wikilink">Ofo</a>, Arkansas and Mississippi,<a href="#fn95" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref95" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁵</a> eastern Tennessee<a href="#fn96" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref96" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Okchai" title="wikilink">Okchai</a> (Ogchay), central Alabama<a href="#fn97" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref97" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Okelousa" title="wikilink">Okelousa</a>, Louisiana<a href="#fn98" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref98" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Appalousa" title="wikilink">Opelousas</a>, Louisiana<a href="#fn99" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref99" role="doc-noteref">⁹⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Osochee" title="wikilink">Osochee</a> (Oswichee, Usachi, Oosécha), Creek Confederacy, Alabama<a href="#fn100" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref100" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁰</a><a href="#fn101" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref101" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰¹</a></li> <li><a href="Pacara" title="wikilink">Pacara</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Pakana" title="wikilink">Pakana</a> (Pacâni, Pagna, Pasquenan, Pak-ká-na, Pacanas), central Alabama,<a href="#fn102" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref102" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰²</a> later Texas<a href="#fn103" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref103" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰³</a></li> <li><a href="Pamlico" title="wikilink">Pamlico</a>, formerly North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Pascagoula" title="wikilink">Pascagoula</a>, Mississippi coast<a href="#fn104" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref104" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Patiri" title="wikilink">Patiri</a>, southeastern Texas</li> <li><a href="Pee_Dee_people" title="wikilink">Pee Dee</a> (Pedee), South Carolina<a href="#fn105" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref105" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁵</a><a href="#fn106" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref106" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁶</a> and North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Pensacola_people" title="wikilink">Pensacola</a>, Florida panhandle and southern Alabama<a href="#fn107" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref107" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Potoskeet" title="wikilink">Potoskeet</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Powhatan_Confederacy" title="wikilink">Powhatan Confederacy</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn108" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref108" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁸</a> <ul> <li><a href="Appomattoc" title="wikilink">Appomattoc</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Arrohateck" title="wikilink">Arrohateck</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Chesapeake_people" title="wikilink">Chesapeake</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Chesepian" title="wikilink">Chesepian</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Chickahominy_people" title="wikilink">Chickahominy</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn109" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref109" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Kiskiack" title="wikilink">Kiskiack</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Mattaponi" title="wikilink">Mattaponi</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Nansemond" title="wikilink">Nansemond</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn110" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref110" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Paspahegh" title="wikilink">Paspahegh</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Powhatan" title="wikilink">Powhatan</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Pamunkey" title="wikilink">Pamunkey</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn111" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref111" role="doc-noteref">¹¹¹</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Quinipissa" title="wikilink">Quinipissa</a>, southeastern Louisiana and Mississippi<a href="#fn112" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref112" role="doc-noteref">¹¹²</a></li> <li><a href="Rappahannock_Tribe" title="wikilink">Rappahannock Tribe</a>, Virginia</li> <li><a href="Roanoke_tribe" title="wikilink">Roanoke</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Saluda_people" title="wikilink">Saluda</a> (Saludee, Saruti), South Carolina<a href="#fn113" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref113" role="doc-noteref">¹¹³</a></li> <li><a href="Santee_tribe" title="wikilink">Santee</a> (Seretee, Sarati, Sati, Sattees), South Carolina (no relation to <a href="Santee_Sioux" title="wikilink">Santee Sioux</a>), South Carolina<a href="#fn114" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref114" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Santa_Luces" title="wikilink">Santa Luces</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Saponi" title="wikilink">Saponi</a>, North Carolina,<a href="#fn115" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref115" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁵</a> Virginia<a href="#fn116" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref116" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Saura" title="wikilink">Saura</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Sawokli" title="wikilink">Sawokli</a> (Sawakola, Sabacola, Sabacôla, Savacola), southern Alabama and Florida panhandle<a href="#fn117" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref117" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Saxapahaw" title="wikilink">Saxapahaw</a> (Sissipahua, Shacioes), North Carolina<a href="#fn118" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref118" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Secotan" title="wikilink">Secotan</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Seminole" title="wikilink">Seminole</a>, Florida and Oklahoma<a href="#fn119" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref119" role="doc-noteref">¹¹⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Sewee" title="wikilink">Sewee</a> (Suye, Joye, Xoye, Soya), South Carolina coast<a href="#fn120" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref120" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Shakori_people" title="wikilink">Shakori</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Shoccoree" title="wikilink">Shoccoree</a> (Haw), North Carolina,<a href="#fn121" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref121" role="doc-noteref">¹²¹</a> possibly Virginia</li> <li><a href="Sissipahaw" title="wikilink">Sissipahaw</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Stegarake" title="wikilink">Stegarake</a>, Virginia<a href="#fn122" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref122" role="doc-noteref">¹²²</a></li> <li><a href="Stuckanox" title="wikilink">Stuckanox</a> (Stukanox), Virginia<a href="#fn123" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref123" role="doc-noteref">¹²³</a></li> <li><a href="Sugeree" title="wikilink">Sugeree</a> (Sagarees, Sugaws, Sugar, Succa), North Carolina and South Carolina<a href="#fn124" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref124" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Surruque" title="wikilink">Surruque</a>, east central Florida<a href="#fn125" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref125" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Suteree" title="wikilink">Suteree</a> (Sitteree, Sutarees, Sataree), North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Taensa" title="wikilink">Taensa</a>, Mississippi<a href="#fn126" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref126" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Talapoosa" title="wikilink">Talapoosa</a>, Creek Confederacy, Alabama<a href="#fn127" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref127" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Tawasa" title="wikilink">Tawasa</a>, Alabama<a href="#fn128" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref128" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Tequesta" title="wikilink">Tequesta</a>, southeastern coastal Florida<a href="#fn129" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref129" role="doc-noteref">¹²⁹</a><a href="#fn130" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref130" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Terocodame" title="wikilink">Terocodame</a>, Texas and Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Codam" title="wikilink">Codam</a></li> <li><a href="Hieroquodame" title="wikilink">Hieroquodame</a></li> <li><a href="Oodame" title="wikilink">Oodame</a></li> <li><a href="Perocodame" title="wikilink">Perocodame</a></li> <li><a href="Teroodame" title="wikilink">Teroodame</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Timucua" title="wikilink">Timucua</a>, Florida and Georgia<a href="#fn131" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref131" role="doc-noteref">¹³¹</a><a href="#fn132" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref132" role="doc-noteref">¹³²</a><a href="#fn133" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref133" role="doc-noteref">¹³³</a> <ul> <li><a href="Acuera" title="wikilink">Acuera</a>, central Florida<a href="#fn134" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref134" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Agua_Fresca" title="wikilink">Agua Fresca</a> (or Agua Dulce or Freshwater), interior northeast Florida<a href="#fn135" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref135" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Arapaha" title="wikilink">Arapaha</a>, north central Florida and south central Georgia?<a href="#fn136" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref136" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Cascangue" title="wikilink">Cascangue</a>, coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn137" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref137" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Icafui" title="wikilink">Icafui</a> (or Icafi), coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn138" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref138" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Mocama" title="wikilink">Mocama</a> (or Tacatacuru), coastal northeast Florida and coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn139" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref139" role="doc-noteref">¹³⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Northern_Utina" title="wikilink">Northern Utina</a> north central Florida<a href="#fn140" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref140" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Ocale" title="wikilink">Ocale</a>, central Florida<a href="#fn141" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref141" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴¹</a></li> <li><a href="Oconi" title="wikilink">Oconi</a>, interior southeast Georgia<a href="#fn142" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref142" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴²</a></li> <li><a href="Potano" title="wikilink">Potano</a>, north central Florida<a href="#fn143" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref143" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴³</a></li> <li><a href="Saturiwa" title="wikilink">Saturiwa</a>, northeast Florida<a href="#fn144" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref144" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Tacatacuru" title="wikilink">Tacatacuru</a>, coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn145" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref145" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Tucururu" title="wikilink">Tucururu</a> (or Tucuru), central? Florida<a href="#fn146" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref146" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Utina" title="wikilink">Utina</a> (or Eastern Utina), northeast central Florida<a href="#fn147" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref147" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Yufera" title="wikilink">Yufera</a>, coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn148" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref148" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Yui_people" title="wikilink">Yui</a> (Ibi), coastal southeast Georgia<a href="#fn149" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref149" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Yustaga_people" title="wikilink">Yustaga</a>, north central Florida<a href="#fn150" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref150" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁰</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tiou" title="wikilink">Tiou</a> (<a href="Tioux" title="wikilink">Tioux</a>), Mississippi<a href="#fn151" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref151" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵¹</a></li> <li><a href="Tocaste" title="wikilink">Tocaste</a>, Florida<a href="#fn152" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref152" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵²</a></li> <li><a href="Tocobaga" title="wikilink">Tocobaga</a>, Florida<a href="#fn153" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref153" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵³</a><a href="#fn154" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref154" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Tohomé" title="wikilink">Tohomé</a>, northwestern Florida and southern Alabama<a href="#fn155" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref155" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Tomahitan" title="wikilink">Tomahitan</a>, eastern Tennessee</li> <li><a href="Topachula" title="wikilink">Topachula</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Tukabatchee" title="wikilink">Tukabatchee</a> (Tuk-ke-bat-che), Muscogee Creek Confederacy, Alabama<a href="#fn156" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref156" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Tuscarora_people" title="wikilink">Tuscarora</a>, North Carolina, Virginia, later New York</li> <li><a href="Tutelo" title="wikilink">Tutelo</a> (<a href="Nahyssan" title="wikilink">Nahyssan</a>), Virginia<a href="#fn157" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref157" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁷</a><a href="#fn158" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref158" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁸</a></li> <li><a href="Tunica_people" title="wikilink">Tunica</a>, Arkansas and Mississippi<a href="#fn159" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref159" role="doc-noteref">¹⁵⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Utiza" title="wikilink">Utiza</a>, Florida<a href="#fn160" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref160" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Uzita_(Florida)" title="wikilink">Uzita</a>, Tampa Bay, Florida<a href="#fn161" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref161" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶¹</a></li> <li><a href="Vicela" title="wikilink">Vicela</a>, Florida<a href="#fn162" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref162" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶²</a></li> <li><a href="Viscaynos" title="wikilink">Viscaynos</a>, Florida</li> <li><a href="Waccamaw" title="wikilink">Waccamaw</a>, South Carolina</li> <li><a href="Waccamaw_Siouan" title="wikilink">Waccamaw Siouan</a>, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="Wateree_people" title="wikilink">Wateree</a> (Guatari, Watterees), North Carolina<a href="#fn163" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref163" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶³</a></li> <li><a href="Waxhaw" title="wikilink">Waxhaw</a> (Waxsaws, Wisack, Wisacky, Weesock, Flathead), North Carolina and South Carolina<a href="#fn164" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref164" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁴</a><a href="#fn165" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref165" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁵</a></li> <li><a href="Westo" title="wikilink">Westo</a>, Virginia and South Carolina<a href="#fn166" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref166" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁶</a></li> <li><a href="Winyaw" title="wikilink">Winyaw</a>, South Carolina coast<a href="#fn167" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref167" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁷</a></li> <li><a href="Waccamaw_Siouan" title="wikilink">Woccon</a>, North Carolina<a href="#fn168" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref168" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁸</a><a href="#fn169" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref169" role="doc-noteref">¹⁶⁹</a></li> <li><a href="Yamasee" title="wikilink">Yamasee</a>, Florida, Georgia<a href="#fn170" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref170" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷⁰</a></li> <li><a href="Yazoo_tribe" title="wikilink">Yazoo</a>, southeastern tip of Arkansas, eastern Louisiana, Mississippi<a href="#fn171" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref171" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷¹</a><a href="#fn172" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref172" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷²</a></li> <li><a href="Yuchi" title="wikilink">Yuchi</a> (Euchee), central Tennessee,<a href="#fn173" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref173" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷³</a><a href="#fn174" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref174" role="doc-noteref">¹⁷⁴</a> later Oklahoma</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 69<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn2" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 205<a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn3" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn4" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn5" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, ix<a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn6" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 214<a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn7" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 673<a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn8" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn9" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn10" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn11" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn12" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn13" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn14" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 81-82<a href="#fnref14" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn15" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 315<a href="#fnref15" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn16" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn17" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn18" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn19" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn20" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn21" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant, 617<a href="#fnref21" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn22" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn23" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn24" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn25" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn26" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn27" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn28" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn29" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn30" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn31" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn32" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn33" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn34" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn35" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn36" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn37" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn38" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn39" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn40" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn41" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn42" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn43" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn44" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn45" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn46" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn47" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn48" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn49" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn50" role="doc-endnote">Frank, Andrew K. <a href="http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN015.html">Indian Removal.</a> <em>Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture.</em> . Retrieved 10 July 2009.<a href="#fnref50" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn51" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn52" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn53" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn54" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn55" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn56" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn57" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn58" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn59" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn60" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 188<a href="#fnref60" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn61" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn62" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn63" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn64" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 598-9<a href="#fnref64" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn65" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn66" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn67" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn68" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn69" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn70" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn71" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn72" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn73" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn74" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn75" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn76" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn77" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn78" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 290<a href="#fnref78" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn79" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn80" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn81" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn82" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 293<a href="#fnref82" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn83" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn84" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn85" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn86" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn87" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn88" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 374<a href="#fnref88" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn89" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn90" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn91" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn92" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn93" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn94" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 291<a href="#fnref94" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn95" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn96" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn97" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn98" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn99" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn100" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn101" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn102" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn103" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn104" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn105" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn106" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 302<a href="#fnref106" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn107" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn108" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn109" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn110" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn111" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn112" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn113" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn114" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn115" role="doc-endnote"><a href="http://www.haliwa-saponi.com/">Haliwa-Saponi Tribe.</a> . Retrieved 10 July 2009.<a href="#fnref115" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn116" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn117" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn118" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn119" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn120" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn121" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn122" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn123" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn124" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn125" role="doc-endnote">Hann 1993<a href="#fnref125" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn126" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn127" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn128" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 78, 668<a href="#fnref128" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn129" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn130" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn131" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn132" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn133" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn134" role="doc-endnote">Hann 1996, 5-13<a href="#fnref134" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn135" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn136" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn137" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn138" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn139" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn140" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn141" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn142" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn143" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn144" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn145" role="doc-endnote">Milanich 1999, p. 49.<a href="#fnref145" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn146" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn147" role="doc-endnote">Milanich 1996, p. 46.<a href="#fnref147" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn148" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn149" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn150" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn151" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn152" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn153" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn154" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn155" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn156" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn157" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn158" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn159" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn160" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn161" role="doc-endnote">Hann 2003:11<a href="#fnref161" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn162" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn163" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn164" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn165" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn166" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn167" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn168" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn169" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn170" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn171" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn172" role="doc-endnote">Sturtevant and Fogelson, 190<a href="#fnref172" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn173" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn174" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Güneybatı

Bazen Oasisamerica olarak adlandırılır ve Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Chihuahua ile Sonora bölgelerini kapsar.

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Ak-Chin_Indian_Community" title="wikilink">Ak Chin</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Güney_Atabaskları" title="wikilink">Güney Atabaskları</a> (<a href="Apaçiler" title="wikilink">Apaçiler</a>) <ul> <li><a href="Çirikava_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Çirikava Apaçileri</a>, New Mexico ve Oklahoma</li> <li><a href="Hikarila_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Hikarila Apaçileri</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Lipan_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Lipan Apaçileri</a>, Texas</li> <li><a href="Mescalero_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Mescalero Apaçileri</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Navaholar" title="wikilink">Navaholar</a> (Navajo, Diné), Arizona ve New Mexico</li> <li><a href="San_Carlos_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">San Carlos Apaçileri</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Tonto_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Tonto Apaçileri</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Batı_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">Batı Apaçileri</a> (Coyotero Apache), Arizona</li> <li><a href="White_Mountain_Apaçileri" title="wikilink">White Mountain Apaçileri</a>, Arizona</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Aranama_people" title="wikilink">Aranama</a> (<a href="Hanáma" title="wikilink">Hanáma</a>, <a href="Hanáme" title="wikilink">Hanáme</a>, <a href="Chaimamé" title="wikilink">Chaimamé</a>, <a href="Chariname" title="wikilink">Chariname</a>, <a href="Xaraname" title="wikilink">Xaraname</a>, <a href="Taraname" title="wikilink">Taraname</a>)</li> <li><a href="Coahuiltecan" title="wikilink">Coahuiltecan</a>, Texas, kuzey Mexico</li> <li><a href="Cocopa" title="wikilink">Cocopa</a>, Arizona, kuzey Mexico</li> <li><a href="Comecrudo" title="wikilink">Comecrudo</a> Texas, kuzey Mexico</li> <li><a href="Cotoname" title="wikilink">Cotoname</a> (<a href="Carrizo_de_Camargo" title="wikilink">Carrizo de Camargo</a>)</li> <li><a href="Genízaro" title="wikilink">Genízaro</a> Arizona, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Halchidhoma" title="wikilink">Halchidhoma</a>, Arizona ve California</li> <li><a href="Hualapai" title="wikilink">Hualapai</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Havasupai" title="wikilink">Havasupai</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Hohokam" title="wikilink">Hohokam</a>, önceden Arizona</li> <li><a href="Karankawa" title="wikilink">Karankawa</a>, Texas</li> <li><a href="Kavelchadhom" title="wikilink">Kavelchadhom</a></li> <li><a href="La_Junta_Indians" title="wikilink">La Junta</a>, Texas, Chihuahua</li> <li><a href="Mamulique" title="wikilink">Mamulique</a>, Texas, kuzey Mexico</li> <li><a href="Manso_Indians" title="wikilink">Manso</a>, Texas, Chihuahua</li> <li><a href="Marikopalar" title="wikilink">Marikopalar</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Mohave_people" title="wikilink">Mojave</a>, Arizona, California, Nevada</li> <li><a href="Pimalar" title="wikilink">Pimalar</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Pima_Bajo" title="wikilink">Pima Bajo</a></li> <li><a href="Pueblo_people" title="wikilink">Pueblo people</a>, Arizona ve New Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Ancient_Pueblo_Peoples" title="wikilink">Ancestral Pueblo</a>, önceden Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah</li> <li><a href="Arizona_Tewa" title="wikilink">Hano</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Hopiler" title="wikilink">Hopiler</a>, Arizona</li> </ul></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><ul> <li><a href="Keres_dilleri" title="wikilink">Keres</a>, New Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Acoma_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Acoma Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Cochiti_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Cochiti Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Laguna_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Laguna Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="San_Felipe_Pueblo" title="wikilink">San Felipe Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Santa_Ana_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Santa Ana Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Santo_Domingo_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Santo Domingo Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Zia_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Zia Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tewa_halkı" title="wikilink">Tewa</a>, New Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Nambé_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Nambé Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Ohkay_Owingeh" title="wikilink">Ohkay Owingeh</a>, New Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Piro_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Piro Pueblo</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Pojoaque_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Pojoaque Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="San_Ildefonso_Pueblo" title="wikilink">San Ildefonso Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Tesuque_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Tesuque Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Santa_Clara_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Santa Clara Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tiwa_halkı" title="wikilink">Tiwa halkı</a>, New Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Isleta_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Isleta Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Picuris_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Picuris Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Sandia_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Sandia Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Taos_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Taos Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> <li><a href="Ysleta_del_Sur_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Ysleta del Sur Pueblo</a> (<a href="Tigua_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Tigua Pueblo</a>), Texas</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Towa_dili" title="wikilink">Towa</a> <ul> <li><a href="Jemez_Pueblo" title="wikilink">Jemez Pueblo</a>, New Mexico</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Zuniler" title="wikilink">Zuniler</a>, New Mexico</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Quechan" title="wikilink">Quechan</a> (<a href="Quechan" title="wikilink">Yuma</a>), Arizona ve Kaliforniya</li> <li><a href="Quems" title="wikilink">Quems</a></li> <li><a href="Solano_people" title="wikilink">Solano</a>, Coahuila, Texas</li> <li><a href="Tamique" title="wikilink">Tamique</a></li> <li><a href="Toboso_people" title="wikilink">Toboso</a></li> <li><a href="Tohono_O&#39;odham" title="wikilink">Tohono O'odham</a>, Arizona ve Mexico <ul> <li><a href="Qahatika" title="wikilink">Qahatika</a>, Arizona</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Tompirolar" title="wikilink">Tompirolar</a></li> <li><a href="Ubateler" title="wikilink">Ubateler</a></li> <li><a href="Walapai" title="wikilink">Walapai</a>, Arizona</li> <li><a href="Yakiler" title="wikilink">Yakiler</a> (<a href="Yoreme" title="wikilink">Yoreme</a>), Arizona, Sonora</li> <li><a href="Yavapai" title="wikilink">Yavapai</a>, Arizona <ul> <li><a href="Tolkapaya" title="wikilink">Tolkapaya</a> (Western Yavapai), Arizona</li> <li><a href="Yavapé" title="wikilink">Yavapé</a> (Northwestern Yavapai), Arizona</li> <li><a href="Kwevkapaya" title="wikilink">Kwevkapaya</a> (Southeastern Yavapai), Arizona</li> <li><a href="Wipukpa" title="wikilink">Wipukpa</a> (Northeastern Yavapai), Arizona</li> </ul></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Meksika ve Mezoamerika

Meksika, Mezoamerika ve Karayipler'deki yerli halklar genellikle, dil, çevre ve kültürüne göre sınıflandırılırlar.

Aridoamerika

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Aripe" title="wikilink">Aripe</a></li> <li><a href="Acaxee" title="wikilink">Acaxee</a></li> <li><a href="Callejee" title="wikilink">Callejee</a></li> <li><a href="Catujane" title="wikilink">Catujane</a></li> <li><a href="Chichimeca" title="wikilink">Chichimeca</a> <ul> <li><a href="Caxcan" title="wikilink">Caxcan</a></li> <li><a href="Guachichil" title="wikilink">Guachichil</a></li> <li><a href="Guamare" title="wikilink">Guamare</a></li> <li><a href="Pame" title="wikilink">Pame</a></li> <li><a href="Tecuexe" title="wikilink">Tecuexe</a></li> <li><a href="Zacatec" title="wikilink">Zacatec</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Cochimí" title="wikilink">Cochimí</a></li> <li><a href="Cocapá" title="wikilink">Cocapá</a>, Arizona, kuzey Mexico</li> <li><a href="Guaycune" title="wikilink">Guaycune</a></li> <li><a href="Guaycura" title="wikilink">Guaycura</a></li> <li><a href="Huichol" title="wikilink">Huichol</a></li> <li><a href="Irritila" title="wikilink">Irritila</a></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Kiliwa" title="wikilink">Kiliwa</a>, Baja California</li> <li><a href="Janambre" title="wikilink">Janambre</a></li> <li><a href="Jumano_Kızılderilileri" title="wikilink">Jumano</a>, kuzey Mexico, New Mexico, batı Texas</li> <li><a href="Monqui" title="wikilink">Monqui</a></li> <li><a href="Ópata" title="wikilink">Ópata</a></li> <li><a href="Paipai" title="wikilink">Paipai</a>, <a href="Akwa&#39;ala" title="wikilink">Akwa'ala</a>, <a href="Kw&#39;al" title="wikilink">Kw'al</a>, Baja California<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a></li> <li><a href="Pericúe" title="wikilink">Pericúe</a> (<a href="Pericu" title="wikilink">Pericu</a>)</li> <li><a href="Seri_halkı" title="wikilink">Seri</a></li> <li><a href="Sumalar" title="wikilink">Sumalar</a>, Chihuahua, batı Texas</li> <li><a href="Tamaholipa" title="wikilink">Tamaholipa</a></li> <li><a href="Tarahumara" title="wikilink">Tarahumara</a></li> <li><a href="Tepehuán" title="wikilink">Tepehuán</a></li> <li><a href="Uchitíe" title="wikilink">Uchitíe</a></li> <li><a href="Ximpece" title="wikilink">Ximpece</a></li> <li><a href="Xixime" title="wikilink">Xixime</a></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote"><a href="http://www.native-languages.org/paipai.htm">"Paipai Language (Akwa'ala)."</a> <em>Native Languages of the Americas.</em> . Retrieved 10 Sept 2010.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> </ol> </section>

Mezoamerika

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Nahua" title="wikilink">Nahua</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a> ve <a href="Meksika" title="wikilink">Meksika</a> <ul> <li><a href="Alaguilac_halkı" title="wikilink">Alaguilac</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Cora_halkı" title="wikilink">Cora halkı</a></li> <li><a href="Huastekler" title="wikilink">Huastekler</a></li> <li><a href="Huaveler" title="wikilink">Huaveler</a> (<a href="Wabi_halkı" title="wikilink">Wabi</a>), <a href="Juchitán_District,_Oaxaca" title="wikilink">Juchitán District, Oaxaca</a></li> <li><a href="Lenkalar" title="wikilink">Lenkalar</a></li> <li><a href="Mazatekler" title="wikilink">Mazatekler</a></li> <li><a href="Miştekler" title="wikilink">Miştekler</a></li> <li><a href="Olmekler" title="wikilink">Olmekler</a></li> <li><a href="Otomiler" title="wikilink">Otomiler</a></li> <li><a href="Pipiller" title="wikilink">Pipiller</a></li> <li><a href="Taraskalar" title="wikilink">Taraskalar</a> (P'urhépecha)</li> <li><a href="Tlapanekler" title="wikilink">Tlapanekler</a></li> <li><a href="Şinkalar" title="wikilink">Şinkalar</a></li> <li><a href="Zapotekler" title="wikilink">Zapotekler</a></li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Maya_halkları" title="wikilink">Mayalar</a>, <a href="Belize" title="wikilink">Belize</a>, <a href="El_Salvador" title="wikilink">El Salvador</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a>, <a href="Honduras" title="wikilink">Honduras</a>, <a href="Meksika" title="wikilink">Meksika</a> <ul> <li><a href="İtzalar" title="wikilink">İtzalar</a>, <a href="Petén_Department" title="wikilink">Petén Department</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Lakandonlar" title="wikilink">Lakandonlar</a></li> <li><a href="Mopanlar" title="wikilink">Mopanlar</a>, <a href="Belize" title="wikilink">Belize</a>, <a href="Guetamala" title="wikilink">Guetamala</a></li> <li>Asıl Mayalar (Maya proper) <ul> <li><a href="Açiler" title="wikilink">Açiler</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Akatekler" title="wikilink">Akatekler</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Çollar" title="wikilink">Ch'ol</a></li> <li><a href="Çortiler" title="wikilink">Çortiler</a>, güneydoğu <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a>, kuzeybatı <a href="Honduras" title="wikilink">Honduras</a>, kuzey <a href="El_Salvador" title="wikilink">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="İşiller" title="wikilink">İşiller</a>, <a href="Quiché_Department" title="wikilink">El Quiché</a>, <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Hakaltekler" title="wikilink">Hakaltekler</a>, northwestern <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Kiçeler" title="wikilink">Kiçeler</a>, <a href="El_Salvador" title="wikilink">El Salvador</a> ve <a href="Guatemala" title="wikilink">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="Kakçikeller" title="wikilink">Kakçikeller</a></li> <li><a href="Kekçiler" title="wikilink">Kekçiler</a></li> <li><a href="Mamlar" title="wikilink">Mamlar</a></li> <li><a href="Pokomamlar" title="wikilink">Pokomamlar</a></li> <li><a href="Tojolabales" title="wikilink">Tojolabales</a></li> <li><a href="Tzotziller" title="wikilink">Tzotziller</a></li> <li><a href="Tzeltallar" title="wikilink">Tzeltallar</a></li> <li><a href="Tzutuhiller" title="wikilink">Tzutuhiller</a></li> <li><a href="Yukatekler" title="wikilink">Yukatekler</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Circum-Caribbean

Partially organized per Handbook of South American Indians.⁶²

Karayip

Anthropologist Julian Steward defined the Antilles cultural area, which includes all of the Antilles ve Bahamalar, except for Trinidad and Tobago.⁶³

• Arawak
  • Taino, Greater Antilles, northern Lesser Antilles
    • Lucayan, Bahamas
  • Igneri, Lesser Antilles, 400—1000 MS
  • Nepoya, Trinidad
  • Suppoya, Trinidad
• Caquetio, Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, and Venezuela
• Carib, Lesser Antilles
  • Garifuna ("Black Carib"), Originally Dominika ve Saint Vincent, currently Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua
• Ciboney, Greater Antilles, ca. 1000—300 MÖ⁶⁴
  • Guanahatabey (Guanajatabey), Cuba, 1000 MÖ
• Ciguayo, Hispaniola
• Garifuna ("Black Carib"), Originally Dominika ve Saint Vincent, currently Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua
• Ortoiroid, ca. 5500—200 MÖ⁶⁵
  • Coroso culture, Puerto Rico, 1000 MÖ–200 MS⁶⁶
  • Krum Bay culture, Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, 1500—200 MÖ⁶⁷
• Saladoid culture, 500 MÖ—545 MS⁶⁸

Orta Amerika

Orta Amerika kültürü El Salvador, Honduras, Nikaragua, Kosta Rika ve Panama ile Kolombiya ve Ekvador'un Pasifik Kıyılarında görülür.⁶⁹

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Bagaces_halkı" title="wikilink">Bagaces</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Bokotalar" title="wikilink">Bokotalar</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Borukalar" title="wikilink">Borukalar</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Bribriler" title="wikilink">Bribriler</a>, Costa Rica</li> <li><a href="Cabécar_halkı" title="wikilink">Cabécar</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Cacaopera" title="wikilink">Cacaopera</a> (<a href="Matagalpa" title="wikilink">Matagalpa</a>, <a href="Ulua" title="wikilink">Ulua</a>), önceden El Salvador<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a></li> <li><a href="Cayada" title="wikilink">Cayada</a>, Ekvador</li> <li><a href="Changuena" title="wikilink">Changuena</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Embera-Wounaan" title="wikilink">Embera-Wounaan</a> (<a href="Chocó_halkı" title="wikilink">Chocó</a>, <a href="Wounaan" title="wikilink">Wounaan</a>), Kolombiya, Panama</li> <li><a href="Choluteca" title="wikilink">Choluteca</a>, Honduras</li> <li><a href="Coiba" title="wikilink">Coiba</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Coito" title="wikilink">Coito</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Corobici" title="wikilink">Corobici</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Desaguadero" title="wikilink">Desaguadero</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Dorasque" title="wikilink">Dorasque</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Guatuso" title="wikilink">Guatuso</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Guaymí" title="wikilink">Guaymí</a>, Panama <ul> <li><a href="Movere" title="wikilink">Movere</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Murire" title="wikilink">Murire</a>, Panama</li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Guetar" title="wikilink">Guetar</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Kunalar" title="wikilink">Kunalar</a> (<a href="Gunalar" title="wikilink">Gunalar</a>), Panama ve Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Lenkalar" title="wikilink">Lenkalar</a>, Honduras ve El Salvador</li> <li><a href="Mangue_halkı" title="wikilink">Mangue</a>, Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Maribichocoa" title="wikilink">Maribichocoa</a>, Honduras ve Nikaragua</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Miskitolar" title="wikilink">Miskitolar</a>, Hondrus, Nikaragua <ul> <li><a href="Miskito_Sambu" title="wikilink">Miskito Sambu</a></li> <li><a href="Tawira_Miskito" title="wikilink">Tawira Miskito</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="Nagrandah" title="wikilink">Nagrandah</a>, Nicaragua</li> <li><a href="Ngöbe_Buglé" title="wikilink">Ngöbe Buglé</a>, Bocas del Toro, Panama</li> <li><a href="Nicarao_halkı" title="wikilink">Nicarao</a>, Nicaragua</li> <li><a href="Nicoya_halkı" title="wikilink">Nicoya</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Orotiña_halkı" title="wikilink">Orotiña</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Paparo_halkı" title="wikilink">Paparo</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Paya_halkı" title="wikilink">Paya</a>, Honduras</li> <li><a href="Pech_halkı" title="wikilink">Pech</a>, kuzeydoğu Honduras</li> <li><a href="Piria" title="wikilink">Piria</a>, Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Poton" title="wikilink">Poton</a>, Honduras ve El Salvador</li> <li><a href="Quepo_halkı" title="wikilink">Quepo</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Ramalar" title="wikilink">Ramalar</a>, Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Sigualar" title="wikilink">Sigualar</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Subtiabalar" title="wikilink">Subtiabalar</a>, Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Suerre" title="wikilink">Suerre</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Sumo_halkı" title="wikilink">Sumo</a> (<a href="Mayagna" title="wikilink">Mayagna</a>), Honduras ve Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Terraba" title="wikilink">Terraba</a> (<a href="Naso_halkı" title="wikilink">Naso</a>, <a href="Teribe" title="wikilink">Teribe</a>, <a href="Tjër_Di" title="wikilink">Tjër Di</a>), Panama</li> <li><a href="Tojar" title="wikilink">Tojar</a>, Panama</li> <li><a href="Tolupan_halkı" title="wikilink">Tolupan</a> (<a href="Jicaque" title="wikilink">Jicaque</a>), Honduras</li> <li><a href="Ulva_halkı" title="wikilink">Ulva</a>, El Salvador, Honduras ve Nikaragua</li> <li><a href="Voto_halkı" title="wikilink">Voto</a>, Kosta Rika</li> <li><a href="Yasika" title="wikilink">Yasika</a>, Nikaragua</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote"><a href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/211/">"Cacaopera."</a> <em>UNESCO World Heritage Centre.</em> (retrieved 1 Dec 2011)<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> </ol> </section>

Kolombiya ve Venezuela

Kolombiya ve Venezuela kültürü bugünkü Kolombiya ile Venezuela topraklarını içerir. Güney Kolombiya And kültür sahasına girer. Doğu Venezuela Guyanalar kültür sahasındadır ve güneydoğu Kolombiya ile güneybatı Venezuela Amazonya kültür sahasına dahildir⁷⁰.

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Abibe" title="wikilink">Abibe</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Aburrá_halkı" title="wikilink">Aburrá</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Achagua_halkı" title="wikilink">Achagua</a> (<a href="Achagua_halkı" title="wikilink">Axagua</a>), doğu Kolombiya, batı Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Agual" title="wikilink">Agual</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Amaní_halkı" title="wikilink">Amaní</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Ancerma" title="wikilink">Ancerma</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Andaqui_halkı" title="wikilink">Andaqui</a> (<a href="Andaki_halkı" title="wikilink">Andaki</a>), Huila Department, Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Andoque_halkı" title="wikilink">Andoque</a>, <a href="Andoke_halkı" title="wikilink">Andoke</a>, güneydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Antiochia_halkı" title="wikilink">Antiochia</a>, Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Arbi_halkı" title="wikilink">Arbi</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Arma_halkı_(Kolombiya)" title="wikilink">Arma</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Atunceta" title="wikilink">Atunceta</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Auracana" title="wikilink">Auracana</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Buriticá_halkı" title="wikilink">Buriticá</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Calamari_halkı" title="wikilink">Calamari</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Calima_culture" title="wikilink">Calima culture</a>, batı Kolombiya, 200 MÖ–400 MS</li> <li><a href="Caramanta_halkı" title="wikilink">Caramanta</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Carate_halkı" title="wikilink">Carate</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Carare" title="wikilink">Carare</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Carex_halkı" title="wikilink">Carex</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cari_halkı" title="wikilink">Cari</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Carrapa" title="wikilink">Carrapa</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cartama_halkı" title="wikilink">Cartama</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cauca_culture" title="wikilink">Cauca culture</a>, batı Kolombiya, 800–1200 MS</li> <li><a href="Corbago" title="wikilink">Corbago</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cosina_halkı" title="wikilink">Cosina</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Catio_halkı" title="wikilink">Catio</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cenú" title="wikilink">Cenú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Cenufaná" title="wikilink">Cenufaná</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Chanco_halkı" title="wikilink">Chanco</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Coanoa" title="wikilink">Coanoa</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Evéjito" title="wikilink">Evéjito</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Fincenú" title="wikilink">Fincenú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Gorrón" title="wikilink">Gorrón</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Guahibo_halkı" title="wikilink">Guahibo</a> (<a href="Guajibo" title="wikilink">Guajibo</a>), doğu Kolombiya, southern Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Guambía" title="wikilink">Guambía</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Guane_culture" title="wikilink">Guane culture</a>, Kolombiya, pre-Columbian culture</li> <li><a href="Guanebucan" title="wikilink">Guanebucan</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Guazuzú" title="wikilink">Guazuzú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Hiwi_halkı" title="wikilink">Hiwi</a>, batı Kolombiya, doğu Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Jamundí_halkı" title="wikilink">Jamundí</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Kogi_halkı" title="wikilink">Kogi</a>, northern Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Lile_halkı" title="wikilink">Lile</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Lache_halkı" title="wikilink">Lache</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Maku_halkı_(disambiguation)" title="wikilink">Maco</a> (Mako, Itoto, Wotuja, or Jojod), kuzeydoğu Kolombiya and batı Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Mompox_halkı" title="wikilink">Mompox</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Motilon_halkı" title="wikilink">Motilone</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya and batı Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Naura_halkı" title="wikilink">Naura</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Nauracota" title="wikilink">Nauracota</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Noanamá" title="wikilink">Noanamá</a> (Waunana, Huaunana, Woun Meu), kuzeybatı Kolombiya and Panama</li> <li><a href="Nutabé" title="wikilink">Nutabé</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Opón_halkı" title="wikilink">Opón</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Pacabueye" title="wikilink">Pacabueye</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Pancenú" title="wikilink">Pancenú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Patángoro" title="wikilink">Patángoro</a>, orta Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Paucura" title="wikilink">Paucura</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Pemed" title="wikilink">Pemed</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Pequi_halkı" title="wikilink">Pequi halkı</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Piaroa" title="wikilink">Piaroa</a>, Kolombiya and Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Picara" title="wikilink">Picara</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Pozo_halkı" title="wikilink">Pozo</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Quimbaya_civilization" title="wikilink">Quimbaya</a>, orta Kolombiya, 4th–7th c. MS</li> <li><a href="Quinchia_halkı" title="wikilink">Quinchia</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Sutagao_halkı" title="wikilink">Sutagao</a>, orta Kolombiyan</li> <li><a href="Tahamí_halkı" title="wikilink">Tahamí</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Tairona" title="wikilink">Tairona</a>, northern Kolombiya, pre-Columbian culture, 1st–11th c. MS</li> <li><a href="Tamalameque_halkı" title="wikilink">Tamalameque</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Timba_halkı" title="wikilink">Timba</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Tinigua" title="wikilink">Tinigua</a>, Caquetá Department, Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Tolú_halkı" title="wikilink">Tolú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Toro_halkı" title="wikilink">Toro</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Tupe_halkı" title="wikilink">Tupe</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Turbaco_halkı" title="wikilink">Turbaco halkı</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Urabá_halkı" title="wikilink">Urabá</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Urezo" title="wikilink">Urezo</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="U&#39;wa_halkı" title="wikilink">U'wa</a>, doğu Kolombiya, batı Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Wayuu_halkı" title="wikilink">Wayuu</a> (Wayu, Wayúu, Guajiro, Wahiro), kuzeydoğu Kolombiya ve kuzeybatı Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Xiriguana" title="wikilink">Xiriguana</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Yamicí" title="wikilink">Yamicí</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Yapel" title="wikilink">Yapel</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Yarigui_halkı" title="wikilink">Yarigui</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Yukpa_halkı" title="wikilink">Yukpa</a>, <a href="Yukpa_halkı" title="wikilink">Yuko</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Zamyrua" title="wikilink">Zamyrua</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Zendagua" title="wikilink">Zendagua</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Zenú" title="wikilink">Zenú</a>, kuzeybatı Kolombiya, pre-Columbian culture, 200 MÖ–1600 MS</li> <li><a href="Zopia" title="wikilink">Zopia</a>, batı Kolombiya</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Guyanalar

Kolombiya'nın kuzey kısımları, Fransız Guyanası, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela ve Brezilya'daki Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Roraima eyaletleri.

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Acawai" title="wikilink">Acawai</a> (6N 60W)</li> <li><a href="Acokwa" title="wikilink">Acokwa</a> (3N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Acuria" title="wikilink">Acuria</a> (<a href="Akurio_people" title="wikilink">Akurio</a>, <a href="Akuriyo" title="wikilink">Akuriyo</a>), 5N 55W, Surinam</li> <li><a href="Akawaio_people" title="wikilink">Akawaio</a>, Roraima, Brezilya, Guyana, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Amariba" title="wikilink">Amariba</a> (2N 60W)</li> <li><a href="Amicuana" title="wikilink">Amicuana</a> (2N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Apalaí" title="wikilink">Apalaí</a> (<a href="Apalai" title="wikilink">Apalai</a>), Amapá, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Apirua" title="wikilink">Apirua</a> (3N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Apurui" title="wikilink">Apurui</a> (3N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Aracaret" title="wikilink">Aracaret</a> (4N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Aramagoto" title="wikilink">Aramagoto</a> (2N 54W)</li> <li><a href="Aramisho" title="wikilink">Aramisho</a> (2N 54W)</li> <li><a href="Arebato" title="wikilink">Arebato</a> (7N 65W)</li> <li><a href="Arekena" title="wikilink">Arekena</a> (2N 67W)</li> <li><a href="Arhuaco_people" title="wikilink">Arhuaco</a>, kuzeydoğu Kolombiya</li> <li><a href="Arigua" title="wikilink">Arigua</a></li> <li><a href="Arinagoto" title="wikilink">Arinagoto</a> (4N 63W)</li> <li><a href="Arua" title="wikilink">Arua</a> (1N 50W)</li> <li><a href="Aruacay" title="wikilink">Aruacay</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Atorai" title="wikilink">Atorai</a> (2N 59W)</li> <li><a href="Atroahy" title="wikilink">Atroahy</a> (1S 62W)</li> <li><a href="Auaké" title="wikilink">Auaké</a>, Brezilya and Guyana</li> <li><a href="Baniwa_people" title="wikilink">Baniwa</a> (Baniva) (3N 68W), Brezilya, Kolombiya ve Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Baraüana" title="wikilink">Baraüana</a> (1N 65W)</li> <li><a href="Bonari" title="wikilink">Bonari</a> (3S 58W)</li> <li><a href="Baré_people" title="wikilink">Baré</a> (3N 67W)</li> <li><a href="Caberre" title="wikilink">Caberre</a> (4N 71 W)</li> <li><a href="Cadupinago" title="wikilink">Cadupinago</a></li> <li><a href="Cariaya" title="wikilink">Cariaya</a> (1S 63 W)</li> <li><a href="Carib_people" title="wikilink">Carib</a> (Kalinago), Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Carinepagoto" title="wikilink">Carinepagoto</a>, Trinidad</li> <li><a href="Chaguan" title="wikilink">Chaguan</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Chaima" title="wikilink">Chaima</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Cuaga" title="wikilink">Cuaga</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Cuacua" title="wikilink">Cuacua</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Cumanagoto" title="wikilink">Cumanagoto</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Guayano" title="wikilink">Guayano</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Guinau" title="wikilink">Guinau</a> (4N 65W)</li> <li><a href="Hixkaryána" title="wikilink">Hixkaryána</a>, Amazonas, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Inao_people" title="wikilink">Inao</a> (4N 65W)</li> <li><a href="Ingarikó_(disambiguation)" title="wikilink">Ingarikó</a>, Brezilya, Guyana ve Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Jaoi" title="wikilink">Jaoi</a> (Yao), Guyana, Trinidad and Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Kali&#39;na_people" title="wikilink">Kali'na</a>, Brezilya, Guyana, Fransız Guyanası, Surinam, Venezuela</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Lokono" title="wikilink">Lokono</a> (Arawak, Locono), Guyana, Trinidad, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Macapa_people" title="wikilink">Macapa</a> (2N 59W)</li> <li><a href="Macushi_people" title="wikilink">Macushi</a>, Brezilya ve Guyana</li> <li><a href="Maipurean_languages" title="wikilink">Maipure</a> (4N 67W)</li> <li><a href="Maopityan" title="wikilink">Maopityan</a> (2N 59W)</li> <li><a href="Mapoyo_language" title="wikilink">Mapoyo</a> (Mapoye), Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Marawan" title="wikilink">Marawan</a> (3N 52W)</li> <li><a href="Mariche_people" title="wikilink">Mariche</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Mariusa" title="wikilink">Mariusa</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Marourioux" title="wikilink">Marourioux</a> (3N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Nepuyo" title="wikilink">Nepuyo</a> (Nepoye), Guyana, Trinidad ve Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Orealla" title="wikilink">Orealla</a>, Guyana</li> <li><a href="Palenque_people" title="wikilink">Palengue</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Palikur_people" title="wikilink">Palikur</a>, Brezilya, Fransız Guyanası</li> <li><a href="Parauana" title="wikilink">Parauana</a> (2N 63W)</li> <li><a href="Parauien" title="wikilink">Parauien</a> (3S 60W)</li> <li><a href="Pareco" title="wikilink">Pareco</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Paria_people" title="wikilink">Paria</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Patamona" title="wikilink">Patamona</a>, Roraima, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Pauishana" title="wikilink">Pauishana</a> (2N 62W)</li> <li><a href="Pemon_people" title="wikilink">Pemon</a> (Arecuna), Brezilya, Guyana, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Piapoco" title="wikilink">Piapoco</a> (3N 70W)</li> <li><a href="Piaroa_people" title="wikilink">Piaroa</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Pino_people" title="wikilink">Pino</a> (3N 54W)</li> <li><a href="Piritú" title="wikilink">Piritú</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Purui" title="wikilink">Purui</a> (2N 52W)</li> <li><a href="Saliba_people" title="wikilink">Saliba</a> (<a href="Sáliva" title="wikilink">Sáliva</a>), Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Sanumá_people" title="wikilink">Sanumá</a>, Venezuela, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Shebayo" title="wikilink">Shebayo</a>, Trinidad</li> <li><a href="Sikiana_people" title="wikilink">Sikiana</a> (<a href="Chikena" title="wikilink">Chikena</a>, <a href="Xikiyana" title="wikilink">Xikiyana</a>), Brezilya, Surinam</li> <li><a href="Tagare" title="wikilink">Tagare</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Tamanaco_people" title="wikilink">Tamanaco</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Tarumá_people" title="wikilink">Tarumá</a> (3S 60W)</li> <li><a href="Tibitibi" title="wikilink">Tibitibi</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Tiriyó_people" title="wikilink">Tiriyó</a> (<a href="Tarëno" title="wikilink">Tarëno</a>), Brezilya, Surinam</li> <li><a href="Tocoyen" title="wikilink">Tocoyen</a> (3N 53W)</li> <li><a href="Tumuza" title="wikilink">Tumuza</a>, Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Wai-Wai_people" title="wikilink">Wai-Wai</a>, Amazonas, Brezilya ve Guyana</li> <li><a href="Wapishana_people" title="wikilink">Wapishana</a>, Brezilya ve Guyana</li> <li><a href="Warao_people" title="wikilink">Warao</a> (Warrau), Guyana ve Venezuela</li> <li><a href="Wayana" title="wikilink">Wayana</a> (<a href="Oyana" title="wikilink">Oyana</a>), Pará, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Ya̧nomamö" title="wikilink">Ya̧nomamö</a> (<a href="Yanomami" title="wikilink">Yanomami</a>), Venezuela ve Amazonas, Brezilya</li> <li><a href="Ye&#39;kuana_people" title="wikilink">Ye'kuana</a>, Venezuela, Brezilya</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Doğu Brezilya

Brezilya'nın doğusundaki Ceará, Goiás, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pará ve Santa Catarina eyaletleri.

<table> <tbody> <tr class="odd"> <td><ul> <li><a href="Apinajé" title="wikilink">Apinajé</a> (<a href="Apinaye_Caroyo" title="wikilink">Apinaye Caroyo</a>),<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref">¹</a> Rio Araguiaia</li> <li><a href="Apurinã_people" title="wikilink">Apurinã</a> (<a href="Popũkare" title="wikilink">Popũkare</a>), Amazonas and Acre</li> <li><a href="Araralar" title="wikilink">Araralar</a>, Pará</li> <li><a href="Bororolar" title="wikilink">Bororolar</a> (<a href="Borôro" title="wikilink">Borôro</a>),<a href="#fn2" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref2" role="doc-noteref">²</a> Mato Grosso</li> <li><a href="Botocudo_people" title="wikilink">Botocudo</a> (<a href="Lakiãnõ" title="wikilink">Lakiãnõ</a>)</li> <li><a href="Carijo_Guarani" title="wikilink">Carijo Guarani</a><a href="#fn3" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref3" role="doc-noteref">³</a></li> <li><a href="East_Brezilyaian_Tradition" title="wikilink">East Brezilyaian Tradition</a>, Precolumbian culture<a href="#fn4" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref4" role="doc-noteref">⁴</a></li> <li><a href="Guató_people" title="wikilink">Guató</a> (<a href="Guato_people" title="wikilink">Guato</a>), Mato Grosso</li> <li><a href="Kadiwéu" title="wikilink">Kadiwéu</a> (<a href="Guaicuru" title="wikilink">Guaicuru</a>),<a href="#fn5" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref5" role="doc-noteref">⁵</a> Mato Grosso do Sul</li> <li><a href="Karajá_people" title="wikilink">Karajá</a> (<a href="Iny_people" title="wikilink">Iny</a>, <a href="Javaé" title="wikilink">Javaé</a>),<a href="#fn6" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref6" role="doc-noteref">⁶</a> Goiás, Mato Grosso, Pará, and Tocantins</li> <li><a href="Kaxixó" title="wikilink">Kaxixó</a>, Minas Gerais</li> <li><a href="Kayapo_people" title="wikilink">Kayapo</a> (<a href="Cayapo" title="wikilink">Cayapo</a>, <a href="Mebêngôkre" title="wikilink">Mebêngôkre</a>),<a href="#fn7" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref7" role="doc-noteref">⁷</a> Mato Grosso and Pará</li> <li><a href="Laklãnõ" title="wikilink">Laklãnõ</a>,<a href="#fn8" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref8" role="doc-noteref">⁸</a> Santa Catarina</li> </ul></td> <td><ul> <li><a href="Mehim" title="wikilink">Mehim</a> (<a href="Krahô" title="wikilink">Krahô</a>, <a href="Crahao" title="wikilink">Crahao</a>),<a href="#fn9" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref9" role="doc-noteref">⁹</a> Rio Tocantins</li> <li><a href="Ofayé_people" title="wikilink">Ofayé</a>, Mato Grosso do Sul</li> <li><a href="Parakatêjê" title="wikilink">Parakatêjê</a> (<a href="Gavião_people" title="wikilink">Gavião</a>),<a href="#fn10" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref10" role="doc-noteref">¹⁰</a> Pará</li> <li><a href="Pataxó_people" title="wikilink">Pataxó</a>, Bahia</li> <li><a href="Potiguara" title="wikilink">Potiguara</a> (<a href="Pitigoares" title="wikilink">Pitigoares</a>),<a href="#fn11" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref11" role="doc-noteref">¹¹</a> Ceará</li> <li><a href="Tabajara" title="wikilink">Tabajara</a>, Ceará</li> <li><a href="Tupiniquim" title="wikilink">Tupiniquim</a>, Espírito Santo</li> <li><a href="Umutina" title="wikilink">Umutina</a> (<a href="Umutina_people" title="wikilink">Barbados</a>)<a href="#fn12" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref12" role="doc-noteref">¹²</a></li> <li><a href="Xakriabá_people" title="wikilink">Xakriabá</a> (<a href="Chakriaba" title="wikilink">Chakriaba</a>, <a href="Chikriaba" title="wikilink">Chikriaba</a>, <a href="Shacriaba" title="wikilink">Shacriaba</a>), Minas Gerais</li> <li><a href="Xavánte_people" title="wikilink">Xavánte</a> (<a href="Shavante" title="wikilink">Shavante</a>),<a href="#fn13" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref13" role="doc-noteref">¹³</a> Mato Grosso</li> <li><a href="Xerénte_people" title="wikilink">Xerénte</a> (<a href="Sherente" title="wikilink">Sherente</a>),<a href="#fn14" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref14" role="doc-noteref">¹⁴</a> Goiás</li> <li><a href="Xucuru" title="wikilink">Xucuru</a>, Pernambuco</li> </ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <section class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes"> <hr /> <ol> <li id="fn1" role="doc-endnote"><a href="http://www.americanindian.si.edu/searchcollections/help/references/cultural.aspx">"Cultural Thesaurus."</a> <em>National Museum of the American Indian.</em> Retrieved 5 Aug 2012.<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></li> <li id="fn2" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn3" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn4" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn5" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn6" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn7" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn8" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn9" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn10" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn11" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn12" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn13" role="doc-endnote"></li> <li id="fn14" role="doc-endnote"></li> </ol> </section>

Andlar

• Andean Hunting-Collecting Tradition, Arjantin, 11,000–4,000 MS
• Awa-Kwaiker, northern Ecuador, southern Colombia
• Aymaralar, Bolivya,⁷¹ Chile, Peru
• Callawalla (Callahuaya), Bolivya⁷²
• Cañari, Ecuador
• Capulí culture, Ecuador, 800—1500 MS
• Cerro Narrio (Chaullabamba) (Precolumbian culture)
• Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
• Chachilla (Cayapas)
• Chanka (Chanca), Peru
• Chavín, northern Peru, 900–200 MÖ
• Chincha people, Peru (Precolumbian culture)
• Chipaya, Oruro Department, Bolvia⁷³
• Chuquibamba culture (Precolumbian culture)
• Conchucos
• Diaguita
  • Amaicha, Arjantin
  • Calchaquí, Arjantin
  • Chicoana, Salta, Arjantin
  • Quilmes (Precolumbian culture), Arjantin
• Guangaia (Precolumbian culture)
• Ichuña microlithic tradition (Precolumbian culture)
• Inca Empire (Inka), based in Peru
• Jama-Coaque (Precolumbian culture)
• Killke culture, Peru, 900–1200 MS
• Kogi
• Kolla (Colla), Arjantin, Bolivya, Chile
• La Tolita (Precolumbian culture)
• Las Vegas culture, coastal Ecuador, 8000 MÖ–4600 MÖ
• Lauricocha culture, Peru, 8000–2500 MÖ
• Lima culture, Peru, 100–650 MS
• Maina, Ecuador, Peru
• Manteño-Huancavilca (Precolumbian culture)
• Milagro (Precolumbian culture)
• Mollo culture, Bolivya, 1000–1500 MS
• Muisca, Colombian highlands (Precolumbian culture)
• Pachacama (Precolumbian culture)
• Paez (Nasa culture), Colombian highlands (Precolumbian culture)
• Panzaleo (Precolumbian culture)
• Pasto
• Pijao, Colombia
• Keçuvalar (Kichua, Kichwa), Bolivya⁷⁴
  • Chankas
  • Wankas (Huancas)
• Quitu culture, 2000 MÖ—1550 MS
• Salinar (Precolumbian culture)
• Saraguro
• Tiwanaku culture (Tiahuanaco), 400-1000 MS, Bolivya
• Tsáchila (Colorado), Ecuador
• Tuza-Piartal (Precolumbian culture)
• Uru, Bolivya,⁷⁵ Peru
  • Uru-Murato, Bolivya
• Wari culture, central coast and highlands of Peru, 500–1000 MS
  • Pocra culture, Ayacucho Province, Peru, 500–1000 MS

Pasifik Ovaları

• Amotape complex, northern coastal Peru, 9,000–7,1000 MÖ
• Atacameño (Atacama, Likan Antaí), Chile
• Awá, Colombia and Ecuador
• Bara, Colombia
• Cara culture, coastal Ecuador, 500 MÖ-1550 MS
• Bahía, Ecuador, 500 MÖ–500 MS
• Casma culture, coastal Peru, 1000–1400 MS
• Chancay, central coastal Peru, 1000–1450 MS
• Chango, coastal Peru, northern Chile
• Chimú, north coastal Peru, 1000–1450 MS
• Cupisnique (Precolumbian culture), 1000-200 MÖ, coastal Peru
• Lambayeque (Sican culture), north coastal Peru, 750–1375 MS
• Machalilla culture, coastal Ecuador, 1500–1100 MÖ
• Manteño civilization, western Ecuador, 850–1600 MS
• Moche (Mochica), north coastal Peru, 1-750 MS
• Nazca, south coastal Peru, 1-700 MS
• Norte Chico civilization (Precolumbian culture), coastal Peru
• Paiján culture, northern coastal Peru, 8,700–5,900 MÖ
• Paracas, south coastal Peru, 600-175 MÖ
• Recuay culture, Peru (Precolumbian culture)
• Tallán (Precolumbian culture), north coastal Peru
• Valdivia culture, Ecuador, 3500–1800 MÖ
• Virú culture, Piura Region, Peru, 200 MÖ–300 MS
• Wari culture (Huari culture), Peru, 500–1000 MS
• Yukpa (Yuko), Colombia
• Yurutí, Colombia

Amazon

Kuzeybatı Amazon

This region includes Amazonas in Brezilya; the Amazonas ve Putumayo Departments in Kolombiya; Cotopaxi, Los Rios, Morona-Santiago, Napo, and Pastaza Provinces and the Oriente Region in Ekvador; and the Loreto Region in Peru.

• Arabelalar, Loreto Region, Peru
• Arapasolar (Arapaco), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Baniwa
• Barbudolar, Loreto Region, Peru
• Bora, Loreto Region, Peru
• Candoshi-Shapra (Chapras), Loreto Region, Peru
• Carútana (Arara), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Chayahuita (Chaywita) Loreto Region, Peru
• Cocama, Loreto Region, Peru
• Cofán (Cofan), Putumayo Department, Kolombiya and Ecuador
• Cubeo (Kobeua), Amazonas, Brezilya and Kolombiya
• Dâw, Rio Negro, Brezilya
• Flecheiro
• Huaorani (Waorani, Waodani, Waos), Ekvador
• Hupda (Hup), Brezilya, Kolombiya
• Jibito, Loreto Region, Peru
• Jivaroan peoples, Ekvador ve Peru
  • Achuar, Morona-Santiago Province ve Oriente Region, Ekvador ve Loreto Region, Peru
  • Aguaruna (Aguarana), Ecuador, Peru
  • Huambisa, Peru
  • Shuar, Morona-Santiago Province ve Oriente Region, Ekvador ve Loreto Region, Peru
• Kachá (Shimaco, Urarina), Loreto Region, Peru
• Kamsá (Sebondoy), Putumayo Department, Kolombiya
• Kanamarí, Amazonas, Brezilya
• Kichua (Quichua)
  • Cañari Kichua (Canari)
  • Canelo Kichua (Canelos-Quichua), Pataza Province, Ekvador
  • Chimborazo Kichua
  • Cholos cuencanos
  • Napo Runa (Napo Kichua, Quijos-Quichua, Napo-Quichua), Ekvador ve Peru
  • Saraguro
  • Sarayacu Kichua, Pastaza Province, Ekvador
• Korubu, Amazonas, Brezilya
• Kugapakori-Nahua
• Macaguaje (Majaguaje), Río Caquetá, Kolombiya
• Machiguenga, Peru
• Marubo
• Matsés (Mayoruna, Maxuruna), Brezilya ve Peru
• Mayoruna (Maxuruna)
• Miriti, Amazonas Department, Kolombiya
• Murato, Loreto Region, Peru
• Mura, Amazonas, Brezilya
  • Pirahã (Mura-pirarrã), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Nukaklar (Nukak-Makú), doğu Kolombiya
• Ocaina, Loreto Region, Peru
• Omagua (Cambeba, Kambeba, Umana), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Orejón (Orejon), Napo Province, Ekvador
• Panoan, western Brezilya, Bolivya, Peru
• Sharpas
• Sionalar (Sioni), Amazonas Department, Kolombiya
• Siriano, Brezilya, Kolombiya
• Siusi, Amazonas, Brezilya
• Tarianolar (Tariana), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Tsohom Djapá
• Tukano (Tucano), Brezilya, Kolombiya
  • Barasana (Pareroa, Taiwano), Amazonas, Brezilya ve Vaupés, Kolombiya
  • Eastern Tukanoan (Tucanoan)
  • Makuna (Buhagana, Macuna), Amazonas, Brezilya ve Vaupés, Kolombiya
• Waikino (Vaikino), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Waimiri-Atroari (Kinja, Uaimiri-Atroari), Amazonas ve Roraima, Brezilya
• Wanano (Unana, Vanana), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Witoto
  • Murui Witoto, Loreto Region, Peru
• Yagua (Yahua), Loreta Region, Peru
• Yaminahua (Jaminawa, Yamanawa, Yaminawá), Pando Department, Bolivya⁷⁶
• Yora
• Záparo (Zaparo), Pastaza Province, Ekvador
• Zuruahã (Suruahá, Suruwaha), Amazonas, Brezilya

Doğu Amazon

This region includes Amazonas, Maranhão, and parts of Pará States in Brezilya.

• Amanayé (Ararandeura), Brezilya
• Araweté (Araueté, Bïde), Pará, Brezilya
• Awá (Guajá), Brezilya
• Chuncho, Peru
• Ge
• Guajajára (Guajajara), Maranhão, Brezilya
• Guarani, Paraguay
• Ka'apor, Maranhão, Brezilya
• Kuruaya, Pará, Brezilya
• Marajoara, Precolumbian culture, Pará, Brezilya
• Panará, Mato Grosso and Pará, Brezilya
• Parakanã (Paracana)
• Suruí do Pará, Pará, Brezilya
• Tembé (Tembe)
• Turiwára (Turiwara)
• Wayampi
• Zo'é people, Pará, Brezilya

Güney Amazon

This region includes southern Brezilya (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, parts of Pará, and Rondônia) and Eastern Bolivya (Beni Department).

• Apiacá (Apiaká), Mato Grosso and Pará, Brezilya⁷⁷
• Assuriní do Toncantins (Tocantin)
• Aweti (Aueto), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Bakairí (Bakairi)
• Chácobo (Chacobo), northwest Beni Department, Bolivya⁷⁸
• Chiquitano (Chiquito, Tarapecosi), Brezilya and Santa Cruz, Bolivya⁷⁹
• Cinta Larga, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Enawene Nawe, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Gavião of Rondônia
• Guarayu (Guarayo), Bolivya⁸⁰
• Ikpeng (Xicao), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Itene, Beni Department, Bolivya⁸¹
• Irántxe (Iranche)
• Juma (Kagwahiva), Rondônia, Brezilya
• Jurúna (Yaruna, Juruna, Yudjá), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Kaiabi (Caiabi, Cajabi, Kajabi, Kayabi), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Kalapálo (Kalapalo), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Kamayurá (Camayura), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Kanoê (Kapixaná), Rondônia, Brezilya
• Karipuná (Caripuna)
• Karitiâna (Caritiana), Brezilya
• Kayapo, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Kuikuro, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Matipu, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Mehináku (Mehinacu, Mehinako), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Moxo (Mojo), Bolivya
• Nahukuá (Nahuqua), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Nambikuára (Nambicuara, Nambikwara), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Pacahuara (Pacaguara, Pacawara), northwest Beni Deparmtent, Bolivya⁸²
• Pacajá (Pacaja)
• Panará, Mato Grosso and Pará, Brezilya
• Parecís (Paressi)
• Rikbaktsa (Erikbaksa), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Rio Pardo people, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Sateré-Mawé (Maue), Brezilya
• Suyá (Kisedje), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Tacana (Takana), Beni and Madre de Dios Rivers, Bolivya⁸³
• Tapajó (Tapajo)
• Tapirapé (Tapirape)
• Tenharim
• Terena, Mato Gross and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brezilya
• Trumai, Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Tsimané (Chimané, Mosetén, Pano), Beni Department, Bolivya⁸⁴
• Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau, Rondônia, Brezilya
• Wari' (Pacanawa, Waricaca'), Rondônia, Brezilya
• Wauja (Waurá, Waura), Mato Grosso, Brezilya
• Wuy jugu (Mundurucu, Munduruku)
• Yawalapiti (Iaualapiti), Mato Grosso, Brezilya

Güneybatı Amazon

This region includes the Cuzco, Huánuco Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, and Ucayali Regions of eastern Peru, parts of Acre, Amazonas, and Rondônia, Brezilya, and parts of the La Paz ve Beni Departments of Bolivya.

• Aguano (Santacrucino, Uguano), Peru
• Aikanã, Rondônia, Brezilya
• Akuntsu, Rondônia, Brezilya
• Amahuaca, Brezilya, Peru
• Asháninka (Campa, Chuncha), Acre, Brezilya and Junín, Pasco, Huánuco, and Ucayali, Peru
• Banawá (Jafí, Kitiya), Amazonas, Brezilya
• Cashibo (Carapache), Huánuco Region, Peru
• Conibo (Shipibo-Conibo), Peru and Amazonas, Brezilya
• Ese Ejja (Chama), Beni Department, Bolivya⁸⁵
• Harakmbut, Madre de Dios, Peru
  • Amarakaeri, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Kareneri, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
  • Huachipaeri, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Arasairi, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Manuquiari, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Puikiri (Puncuri), Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Sapiteri, Madre de Dios Region, Peru
    • Toyeri, Madre de Dios Region, Peru⁸⁶
• Hi-Merimã, Himarimã, Amazonas, Brezilya
• Jamamadi, Acre and Amazonas, Brezilya
• Kaxinawá (Cashinahua, Huni Kuin), Peru and Acre, Brezilya
• Kulina (Culina), Peru
• Kwaza (Coaiá, Koaiá), Rondônia, Brezilya
• Latundê, Rondônia, Brezilya
• Machinere, Bolivya⁸⁷ and Peru
• Mashco-Piro, Peru
• Matís (Matis), Brezilya
• Matsés (Mayoruna, Maxuruna), Brezilya, Peru
• Parintintin (Kagwahiva’nga), Brezilya
• Shipibo, Loreto Region, Peru
• Ticuna (Tucuna), Brezilya, Colombia, Peru
• Toromono (Toromona), La Paz Department, Bolivya⁸⁸
• Yanesha' (Amuesha), Cusco Region, Peru
• Yawanawa (Jaminawá, Marinawá, Xixinawá), Acre, Brezilya; Madre de Dios, Peru; and Bolivya
• Yine (Contaquiro, Simiranch, Simirinche), Cuzco Region, Peru
• Yuqui (Bia, Yuki), Cochabamba DepartmentBolivya⁸⁹
• Yuracaré (Yura), Beni and Cochabamba Departments, Bolivya⁹⁰

Gran Chaco

• Abipón, Arjantin, historic group
• Angaite (Angate), northwestern Paraguay
• Ayoreo⁹¹ (Ayoré, Moro, Morotoco, Pyeta, Yovia,⁹² Zamuco), Bolivya and Paraguay
• Chamacoco (Zamuko),⁹³ Paraguay
• Chané, Arjantin and Bolivya
• Chiquitano (Chiquito, Tarapecosi), eastern Bolivya
• Chorote (Choroti,⁹⁴ Iyo'wujwa,⁹⁵ Iyojwa'ja Chorote, Manjuy), Arjantin, Bolivya, and Paraguay
• Guana⁹⁶ (Kaskihá), Paraguay
• Guaraní,⁹⁷ Arjantin, Bolivya, Brezilya, and Paraguay
  • Bolivyan Guarani⁹⁸
    • Chiriguano, Bolivya
    • Guarayo (East Bolivyan Guarani)
  • Chiripá (Tsiripá, Ava), Bolivya
  • Pai Tavytera (Pai, Montese, Ava), Bolivya
  • Tapieté (Guaraní Ñandéva, Yanaigua),⁹⁹ eastern Bolivya¹⁰⁰
  • Yuqui (Bia), Bolivya
• Guaycuru peoples, Arjantin, Bolivya, Brezilya, and Paraguay
  • Mbayá (Caduveo), historic
    • Kadiweu, Brezilya
  • Mocoví (Mocobí), Arjantin
  • Pilagá (Pilage Toba)
  • Toba¹⁰¹ (Qom, Frentones), Arjantin, Bolivya,¹⁰² and Paraguay
• Kaiwá,¹⁰³ Arjantin and Brezilya
• Lengua people (Enxet),¹⁰⁴ Paraguay
  • North Lengua (Eenthlit, Enlhet, Maskoy), Paraguay
  • South Lengua, Paraguay
• Lulé (Pelé, Tonocoté), Arjantin
• Maká¹⁰⁵ (Towolhi), Paraguay
• Nivaclé (Ashlushlay,¹⁰⁶ Chulupí, Chulupe, Guentusé), Arjantin and Paraguay
• Sanapaná¹⁰⁷ (Quiativis), Paraguay
• Vilela, Arjantin
• Wichí (Mataco),¹⁰⁸ Arjantin and Tarija Department, Bolivya¹⁰⁹

Güney Cone

• Aché, southeastern Paraguay
• Alacaluf (Kaweshkar, Halakwulup), Chile
• Chaná (extinct), formerly Uruguay
• Chandule (Chandri)
• Charrúa, southern Brezilya and Uruguay
• Chono (Precolumbian culture), formerly Chiloé Archipelago, Chile
• Comechingon (Henia-Camiare), Arjantin
• Haush (Manek'enk, Mánekenk, Aush), Tierra del Fuego
• Het (Querandí) (extinct), formerly Argentinian Pampas
  • Chechehet
  • Didiuhet
  • Taluhet
• Huarpe (Warpes) (extinct), Strait of Magellan, Chile
  • Allentiac (Alyentiyak)
  • Millcayac (Milykayak)
  • Oico
• Mapuche (Araucanian), southwestern Arjantin and Chile
  • Huilliche (Huillice, Hulliche), Chile
  • Lafquenche
  • Mapuche, southwestern Arjantin and Chile
  • Pehuenche, south central Chile and Arjantin
  • Picunche, formerly Chile
  • Promaucae, formerly Chile
• Mbeguá (extinct), formerly Paraná River, Arjantin
• Minuane (extinct), formerly Uruguay
• Puelche (Guenaken, Pampa) (extinct), Argentinian and Chilean Andes
• Tehuelche, Patagonia
  • Künün-a-Güna (Gennakenk, Gennaken)
  • Küwach-a-Güna
  • Mecharnúekenk
  • Aónikenk (Zuidelijke Tehuelche)
• Teushen (Tehues, extinct), Tierra del Fuego
• Selk'nam (Ona), Tierra del Fuego
• Yaghan (Yamana), Tierra del Fuego
• Yaro (Jaro)

Ayrıca bakınız

• Alaska yerlileri kabile birlikleri
• Amerika yerlisi yazarlar listesi

Dipnotlar

Kaynakça

• D'Azevedo, Warren L., volume editor. Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 11: Great Basin. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1986. ISBN 978-0-16-004581-3.

• Hann, John H. "The Mayaca and Jororo and Missions to Them", in McEwan, Bonnie G. ed. The Spanish Missions of "La Florida". Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. 1993. ISBN 0-8130-1232-5.

• Hann, John H. A History of the Timucua Indians and Missions. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida, 1996. ISBN 0-8130-1424-7.

• Hann, John H. (2003). Indians of Central and South Florida: 1513-1763. University Press of Florida. ISBN 0-8130-2645-8.

• Heizer, Robert F., volume editor. Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 8: California. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978. ISBN 978-0-16-004574-5.

• Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.

• Steward, Julian H., editor. Handbook of South American Indians, Volume 4: The Circum-Caribbean Tribes. Smithsonian Institution, 1948.

• Sturtevant, William C., genel editör ve Bruce G. Trigger, cildin editörü. Handbook of North American Indians: Northeast. Volume 15. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978. ASIN B000NOYRRA.

• Sturtevant, William C., general editor and Raymond D. Fogelson, volume editor. Handbook of North American Indians: Southeast. Volume 14. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2004. ISBN 0-16-072300-0.

Orijinal kaynak: amerika yerlileri. Creative Commons Atıf-BenzerPaylaşım Lisansı ile paylaşılmıştır.

Footnotes

1. AnaBritannica (yıl: 1986, cilt: 1, sayfa: 605) Amerika Yerlileri adını yalnızca Kızılderililer anlamında kullanır ve "Batı Yarıküresinin Eskimolar ve Aleut dışındaki yerli halkların tümü" olarak tanımlar ↩

2. The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010 , U.S. Census Bureau ↩

3. ↩
4. ↩
5. ↩

6. Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (Ed.). (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-159-X. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com ). ↩

7. ↩
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10. ↩
11. ↩

12. page 2 ↩

13. ↩
14. ↩
15. ↩
16. ↩
17. ↩
18. ↩

19. Algonkin halkları: Ojibwe, Şayenler/Arapaholar, Şavniler, Mikmaklar, Kikapular ve Meskvakiler. ↩

20. Bolnick, Deborah A. et al 2006, Asymmetric Male and Female Genetic Histories among Native Americans from Eastern North America ↩

21. Zegura, Stephen L. et al 2004, High-Resolution SNPs and Microsatellite Haplotypes Point to a Single, Recent Entry of Native American Y Chromosomes into the Americas ↩

22. Atabask halkları: Denesulineler, Tlınçonlar, Tanana, Apaçiler ve Navaholar. ↩

23. Malhi, Ripan Singh et al 2008, Distribution of Y Chromosomes Among Native North Americans: A Study of Athapaskan Population History ↩

24. ↩
25. ↩

26. Çipça halkları: Ngöbe–Buglé ve Kunalar. ↩

27. ↩

28. Bortolini, Maria-Catira et al 2003, Y-Chromosome Evidence for Differing Ancient Demographic Histories in the Americas ↩

29. ↩
30. ↩

31. Gê halkları: Gorotire, Kaigang, Kraho, Mekranoti ve Xikrin. ↩

32. ↩
33. ↩
34. ↩
35. ↩
36. ↩
37. ↩
38. ↩

39. Maskoke halkları: Çikasovlar, Çoktavlar, Krikler ve Seminoleler. ↩

40. ↩
41. ↩

42. Hammer, Michael F. et al 2005, Population structure of Y chromosome SNP haplogroups in the United States and forensic implications for constructing Y chromosome STR databases ↩

43. ↩
44. ↩
45. ↩
46. ↩
47. ↩
48. ↩

49. Tupi–Guarani halkları: Asuriní, Parakanã, Ka'apor ve Wayampi. ↩

50. ↩

51. Uto-Aztek halkları: Pimalar, Tohono O'odham, Tarahumaralar, Nahualar, Cora ve Huyçollar. ↩

52. ↩
53. ↩
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55. ↩
56. ↩
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60. ↩

61. Pritzker 112 ↩

62. Steward, Julian H. (1948) Editor. Handbook of South American Indians. Volume 4 The Circum-Caribbean Tribes. Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. ↩

63. ↩

64. "Aboriginal Roots of Cuban Culture." (retrieved 9 July 2011) ↩

65. "Prehistory of the Caribbean Culture Area." Southeast Archaeological Center. (retrieved 9 July 2011) ↩

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77. "Apiaká: Introduction." Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 28 March 2012 ↩

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86. "Huachipaeri." Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 Feb 2012. ↩

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89. ↩

90. "Languages of Bolivya." Ethnologue. Retrieved 23 Oct 2012. ↩

91. "Cultural Thesaurus." National Museum of the American Indian. (retrieved 18 Feb 2011) ↩

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